定语从句--详细讲解定语从句

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定语从句模块一:限制性定语从句一.定义：1.名词或代词后面，由关系代词或关系副词引导的修饰该名词或代词的从句。2.被修饰的词叫做先行词TheboywhoisreadingisTom.关系代词Hospitalisaplacewhereadoctorworks.关系副词二.关系词的分类1.关系代词关系代词在定语从句中作主语、宾语、表语和定语，常用的关系代词有：that,which,who,whom,whose2.关系副词关系副词在定语从句中作状语，常用的关系副词有：when,where,why三.关系代词的基本用法和注意点1.whoandwhom①who指人,在定语从句中作主语或宾语。作宾语时，可省略。Theman(who)Italkedwithisourteacher.Apersonwhostealsthingsiscalledathief.作宾语时，可用whom,that替换,可以省略。②whom指人,在定语从句中作宾语，可省略。Theman(whom)InoddedtoisMr.Li.先行词必须是人，作宾语。2.which先行词必须是事物，作主语和宾语Thisisthebookwhich/thatwaswrittenineasyEnglishbyourEnglishteacher.作主语时，关系词不可省略。Thepictures(which/that)hedrewinthe1980sareonshow.作宾语时，关系词可以省略。注意：whichandwhom1.whom&which做介词宾语时，介词常可提前，即介词+whom/which+从句，此时whom&which不能由who或that代替，不能省略。e.g.Thisisthemanfromwhomyoursonalwaysbegsmoney.Thechaironwhichsheissittingismadeofwood.2.但当介词置于从句末尾时，whom可以由who或that代替，which可由that代替，都能省略。e.g.Thisistheman(whom/that/who)yoursonalwaysbegsmoneyfrom. 3.有一些动词短语中的介词是固定搭配，不可拆开，一般还是放在动词之后，不提前。Heisthestudentwhotheteachersarelookingfor.Thenumberofthechildrenwhoshetakescareofis30.动词短语是否可以拆分，关键看拆分后与拆分前的意思是否相同。如果意思不变，可以拆分，否则不行。3.that的用法1)that可作定语从句中的主语（取代who或which），宾语（取代who或whom或which）2)关系代词作表语，必须使用that，指代人或物，可以省略。e.g.Myfatherisnolongertheman(that)hewas.Myhometownisnotthesmalltownthatitusedtobetwentyyearsago.3)that的特殊用法必须使用that的五种情况。①先行词是人+事物时。e.g.Theytalkedabouttheteachersandschoolsthattheyhadvisited.Thepolicehadgreattroubleindivertingthemenandthecarsthathadblockedtheway.②当先行词跟在系动词be后作表语，或关系词本身作定语从句的表语时，关系代词必须用that，但也可以省略e.g.Myfatherisnolongertheman(that)hewas.Hethoughthisdaughterwouldbethedancer(that)shealwayswantedtobe.It’sabook(that)willhelpyouagreatdeal.③当先行词被形容词最高级、序数词如thefirst,thelast等词修饰时。e.g.ThisisthebestfilmthatIhaveeverseen.ThisisthefirstchoicethatIhavemade.SheisthemostcarefulgirlthatIhaveeverknown.ThisisthelastletterthatIreceivedfromhim.④当先行词前面有theonly,thevery,oneof,any,no,every,few,little等词修饰时。e.g.TheonlypersonthatseemstoknowthetruthisDoctorBrown.Anypersonthatwantstosucceedmustworkhard.Thereisnodifficultythatwecannotovercome.Ihavereadallthebooksthatcanbeborrowedhere.⑤当先行词本身为不定代词如anything,something,nothing,everything,all,much,few,little,none,theone时。e.g.AllthatIwantispeaceandstability.ThereislittlethatIcando.ThereisnothingthatIcantellyou.IhavetriedeverythingthatIcanthinkof.注意：anybody,nobody,everybody等不在此列。不能使用that的五种情况。①定语从句前有介词时，关系代词不能用that。②that不能用于非限制性定于从句。③当先行词为one,ones,anyone,those,指人时，用who。e.g.Thosewholearnnotonlyfrombooksbutalsothroughpracticewillsucceed.④当先行词是he时，用who。(多谚语)e.g.Hewhoplayswithfiregetsburnt.Hewholaughsatlastlaughsbest.⑤当先行词本身是that时，用which或who避免重复不能用于非限制性定于从句。e.g.What’sthatwhichflashedintheskyjustnow?4.whose的用法whose作定语从句中的定语，表示所修饰的“某（些）人的”或“某物的”。e.g.TheboywhosenameisTomisthetopstudentinmyclass.Lookatthehousewhoseroofisred. 注意：当whose指代物时，whose+从句结构=…ofwhich+从句=ofwhichthe…+从句e.g.Lookatthehousewhoseroofisred.Lookatthehouse,theroofofwhichisred.Lookatthehouse,ofwhichtheroofisred.5.as的用法1)as用于限制性定语从句so…as；such…as；thesame…as；2)as用于非限制性定语从句。代表所修饰的句子，作用相当于which，但比which多一层“正如”的意思。e.g.Sheisverycareful,as(=which)herworkshows.Itislikeasnake,as(=which)anybodycansee.但要注意，当as从句置于句首时，as不能由which取代。e.g.Ashehadhoped,hesawtheplay.注意：从句中的谓语动词与先行词保持一致关系代词在从句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词的人称和数必须与先行词保持一致。如：Thosewhoareagainsttheplanputupyourhands.Tomisoneofthestudentswhowerepraisedbytheteacheryesterday.Tomistheonlyoneofthestudentswhowaspraisedbytheteacheryesterday.定语从句中主谓一致的问题Jeffisoneofthestudentswho______punished.AreJeffistheonlyoneofthestudentswho______punished.IsI,who______aseniorhighstudent,shouldlearnhardam四．关系副词的基本用法Where,why等跟在先行词的后面，指代先行词，引出定语从句分别表示时间、地点和原因。在从句中充当状语的作用。1)when在定语从句中作时间状语用关系副词when时，先行词指时间，when在定语从句中作时间状语，when可换成“介词+关系代词”。如：when代替at/in/on/during/sincewhich等，在定语从句中作时间状语。Istillrememberthedaywhen(=onwhich)IfirstcametoNanjing.Myfatherwasbornintheyearwhen(=inwhich)WorldWarⅡbrokeout.2)where在定语从句中作地点状语用关系副词where时，先行词指地点，where在定语从句中作地点状语，where可换成“介词+关系代词”。如：where代替at/in/towhich等，在定语从句中作地点状语。Thisisthefarmwhere(=onwhich)weworkedwhenwewereyoung.Theschoolwhere(=inwhich)hismotherteachesisinthewestofthecity.3)why在定语从句中作原因状语用关系副词why时，先行词指原因，why在定语从句中作原因状语，why可换成“介词+关系代词”。why引导从句作reason的定语，可以用forwhich取代，充当原因状语。Thereareseveralreasonswhy(=forwhich)theboysshouldbepunished.Tomcouldn’tgivetheteacherthereasonwhy(=forwhich)hewaslateforschool.注意：关系副词的用法注意点(1)当先行词为time，表示“次数”时，应用关系词that或省略。如：Thisisthefirsttime(that)thepresidenthasvisitedthecountry.(2)当point,situation,case等词作先行词表示“情况，境地，场合”等意思时，其后常由where引导定语从句，where在句中作状语。如：Canyouthinkofasituationwherethisphrasecanbeused?巩固练习：用适当的关系词填空1)October1,1949wastheday______(________)Chinawasfounded.Whenonwhich2)Beijingistheplace______(__________)Icamewherefromwhere 1)Isthisthereason____(________)hedidn’twanttoseeme?Whyforwhich2)Theroom___________________heoncelivedisstillthere.Whereinwhich3)Theroom___________________Ihavetocleaneverydaybelongstomymother.Thatwhich五．先行词为theway，关系词的使用先行词是theway，意为“方式，方法”时，引导定语从句的关系词用that/inwhich或省略。Theway_________________heteachesEnglishisinteresting.Ididn'tliketheway_______________shetalkedtome.难点一：as的用法asthatwhich1.Itissuchabigstone_____nobodycanlift.As2.Itissuchabigstone_____nobodycanliftitthat3.______isknowntoall,heisthebeststudent.As4.Jimpassedthedrivingtest,_____surprisedeverybodyintheoffice.Which归纳：as引导限制性定语从句先行词前常被such,thesame,so,as修饰，即构成such…as,thesame…as,so…as,结构，做题时容易忽略。as在定语从句中应充当成分如：主语、宾语或表语。as与which引导定语从句都能指代整句内容，但定语从句位于句首时，只能用as,意为“正如、恰如”1.Heissuchalazyman_____nobodywantstoworkwith______.（04模拟训练）A.as;himB.that;/C.as;/D.whom;him2.Mrs.Blacktookthepolicebackto____place____shewitnessedtherobbery.A.thesame;asB.thesame;whereC.thesame;thatD.asthesame;as难点二：一些特殊词之后的wherewhere引导的定语从句先行词大多数情况下是表示地点的名词，但也有特殊情况。1.I’vecometothepointwhereIcan’tstandhim.我已经到了无法容忍他的地步了。2.Thecountryisinthesituationwhereawarwillbreakoutatanytime.国家正处在随时有可能爆发战争的局势中。归纳：如果定语从句分别修饰point,situation,part,condition和case等表示抽象意义的词，常用where引导，意思是“到了某种地步，在某种境况中”。1.Wearetryingtoreachapoint____bothsideswillsitdowntogetherandtalk.（06山东）A.whichB.thatC.whereD.when2.---Doyouhaveanythingtosayforyourself?---Yes,there’sonepoint____wemustinsiston.（06江西）A.whyB.whereC.howD./难点三.综合考查近年来，高考对定语从句和其它从句如：强调句、名词性从句和状语从句等的综合考查越来越多，这就要求考生有扎实的基础知识和较强的综合分析能力。综合考查一：定语从句与强调句1.Thisisthelibrary_____Iborrowedthebook.Where2.Itisfromthislibrary____Iborrowedthebook.that3.---WheredidyoulastseeMr.Smith?---Itwasinthehotel____Ilived.A.thatB.whichC.whereD.when综合考查二：定语从句与同位语从句1.Weallhaveheardthenews_____ourteamwon.That2.Wedon’tbelievethenews_________hetoldusyesterday.Thatwhich综合考查三：定语从句与表语从句Theplace____thebridgeissupposedtobebuiltshouldbe_____thecross-rivertrafficistheheaviest.（05江苏） A.which;whereB.atwhich;whichC.atwhich;whereD.which;inwhich模块二:非限制性定语从句①限制性定语从句对先行词起限制、确定的作用，是先行词不可缺少的定语，如果省去，主句的意思就会不完整，不明确或不合逻辑。这种定语从句和主句之间不能用逗号隔开。②非限制性定语从句和先行词关系松散，只是对先行词作附加说明，如果省去，主句的意思仍然完整或清楚。这种定语从句和主句之间须用逗号隔开。如：Mywatch,whichisveryold,stoppedagain.比较:ThisisthebestbookthatIhaveread.Thisisagoodbook,whichiseasytounderstand.注意：引导非限制性定语从句的关系代词不可用that，指人时用who(主语),whom(宾语)，指物时须用which.限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别1.限制性定语从句的先行词总是一个名词或一个代词，而非限制性定语从句的先行词可以是一个词，也可以是部分或整个主句的意思。此时，一般用关系代词as或which引导。2.关系代词在非限制性定语从句中作介词的宾语时，介词前可以有被介词短语所修饰的词。如：Hehastwodaughters,theelderofwhomismarried.3.在非限制性定语从句中，关系代词还可以作介词的宾语。Heisill,inspiteofwhichhekeepsonstudying.例题:1.Helenwasmuchkindertoheryoungestsonthantotheothers,_____,ofcourse,madetheothersenvy(嫉妒)him.(2004,天津卷)A.whoB.thatC.whatD.which2.CarolsaidtheworkwouldbedonebyOctober,_____personally(就我个人而论)I doubt(怀疑)verymuch.(1999)A.itB.thatC.whenD.which模块三:定语从句专项练习题1.Nearlyallthestreetsareinstraightlines,________fromeasttowest.Those________runfromnorthtosoutharecalledavenues.A.running;thatB.run;who　　C.running;whoD.run;that2.Thisisthecase________he’shadallhismoneystolen.A.whenB.where　C.thatD.onwhich3.Mr.SmithwillpayavisittoBeijingthisautumn,________wewillenjoytheOlympicGamesin2008.A.whereB.whenC.whichD.how4.Theartistwillnotpaintpeopleoranimalsbuthewillpaintanything________.A.thatthelittlegirlaskshimB.thelittlegirlaskshimtoC.forthelittlegirltoaskhimD.whatthelittlegirlaskshim5.—Howdidyougetintouchwiththetravelagent,Robin?—Oh,that’seasy.IsurfedtheInternetandthencalledone________thetelephonenumberisprovided.A.whichB.inwhichC.ofwhichD.whose6.October15thismybirthday,________Iwillneverforget.A.whenB.thatC.whatD.which7.Thetreatmentwillcontinueuntilthepatientreachesthepoint________hecanwalkcorrectlyandsafely.A.whenB.whereC.whichD.whose8.ThereareseveralresearchcentersinChina________acertaindiseasecalledBirdFluisbeingstudied.A.whichB.whereC.whenD.what9.Ihopethatthelittle________Ihavebeenabletododoesgoodtothemall.A.whichB.whatC.thatD.when10.Thetimeisnotfaraway________moderncommunicationswillbecomewidespreadinChina’svastcountryside.A.asB.whenC.untilD.before11.________isknowntoeverybody,TaiwanisapartofChina.Wemustunifyit.A.ItB.AsC.WhichD.What12.Ishallneverforgettheday________ShenZhouVwaslaunched,________hasagreateffectonmylife.A.when,whichB.that,whichC.which,thatD.when,that13.Thebreadmywifemakesismuchbetterthan________youcanbuyatastore.A.thatwhichB.onethatC.thatofwhichD.thisofwhich14.Thereisnosuchplace________youdreamofinallthisworld.A.thatB.whatC.whichD.as15.Thepeople,________hadbeendamagedbytheflood,weregivenhelpbytheRedCross.A.allwhosehomesB.allofwhosehomes C.alltheirhomesD.alloftheirhomes16.Thehumansaredestroyingnaturedaybyday,________ofcourse,willcauseseverepunishmentfromitsoonerorlater.A.whoB.whenC.onwhichD.which17.Isthisresearchcenter________youvisitedthemodernequipmentlastyear?A.whereB.thatC.theonethatD.theonewhere18.Somepicturesoftheriverbroughtthedaysbacktotheold________theyswaminit.A.whenB.thatC.whoD.where19.Themanshowedussoheavyastone________nomancanlift.A.thatB.asC.whichD.and20.Hestayedthereforquitealongtime,during________timehelearnedmuchspokenEnglish.A.thatB.thisC.whichD.same答案与解析：1.A.主语与run(延伸)是主动关系，所以用现在分词。Those指街道，所以不用who而用that来引导定语从句。2.B.因为在此题中where引导定语从句，表示“在这种种况下”，与inwhich相当。3.A.因为先行词是Beijing而不是thisautumn所以用where引导定语从句。4.B.答案B是省略了关系代词that的定语从句，另外，to后还省略了动词原形paint。5.C.因为ofwhich引导定语从句，并在从句中作定语。ofwhichthetelephonenumber=whosetelephonenumber。6.D.因为这是个非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面一句话的内容。7.B.因为表示“阶段、程度、地步”的thepoint在定语从句中作地点状语，所以用where引导定语从句。8.B.因为先行词是researchcenters并在定语从句中作状语，所以用where。9.C.因为当先行词是表示事物的all,little,few,much,anything,everything,nothing等时，多用that引导定语从句。10.因为先行词是thetime，且在定语从句中作状语，所以用when引导。此题的先行词与定语从句被主句谓语分开了，要善于辨别。11.B.先行词是TaiwanisapartofChina整个主句，一般由as或which引导定语从句，但which引导的定语从句只能放在主句之后，另外，as有“正如”之意，而which没有，所以用as。顺便说说，原句改为：ItisknowntoeverybodythatTaiwanis…=WhatisknowntoeverybodyisthatTaiwanis…12.A.两空都是考查定语从句，先行词分别是theday和ShenZhouVwaslaunched,theday在定语从句中作状语，用when引导；后句是非限制性定语从句，不能用that，要用which。13.A.因为替代不可数名词(thebread)只能用that，排除B和D；又因为先行词that(thebread)在定语从句中作buy的宾语，用which，所以选A。14.D.当定语从句的先行词前有such,so,as等词语时，由as引导，并且as在定语从句中作主语或宾语，as在此题中作dreamof的宾语。注意：在表示“如此…以致…”的such/so…that…结构中，that不作任何句子成份。15.B.考查非限制性定语从句，allofwhosehomes=alloftheirhomes他们所有的房子。16.D.因为先行词是前面整个句子，且在从句中作主语，所以用which。ofcourse 是插入语。17.D.将疑问句改为陈述句：thisresearchcenteris…显然缺少先行词，必须加上代词theone来作先行词，又因定语从句不缺主语或宾语，所以用关系副词where。假若在this后加the，就选where，请想想这是为什么。18.A.因为先行词是thedays，并在定语从句中作状语。19.B.当先行词前有so时，用as引导定语从句，as在从句中作主语或宾语。假若在lift后加上it，答案就是that了，请想想这是为什么。20.C.因前后均的句子，必须要选连词，排除B和D；又因在介词后不能用that来引导定语从句，所以选C。duringwhichtime在那段时间里。模块四:定语从句历年高考题解析1.AfterlivinginParisforfiftyyearshereturnedtothesmalltown__________hegrewupasachild.(NMET1996)A.whichB.thatC.whereD.when2.CarolsaidtheworkwouldbedonebyOctober,__________personallyIdoubtverymuch.(NMET1999)A.itB.thatC.whenD.which3.Dorothywasalwaysspeakinghighlyofherroleintheplay,__________,ofcourse,madetheothersunhappy.(NMET2000)A.whoB.whichC.thisD.what4.__________isknowntoeverybody,themoontravelsroundtheearthonceeverymonth.(NMET2001)A.ItB.AsC.ThatD.What5.Thefilmbroughtthehoursbacktome__________Iwastakengoodcareofinthatfar-awayvillage.(NMET2001)A.untilB.thatC.whenD.where6.__________ismentionedabove,thenumberofthestudentsinseniorschoolisincreasing.(1994上海卷)A.WhichB.AsC.ThatD.It7.IntheofficeIneverseemtohavetimeuntilafter5:30p.m.,__________manypeoplehavegothome.(1995上海卷) A.whosetimeB.thatC.onwhichD.bywhich8.Alloftheflowersnowraisedherehavedevelopedfromthose__________intheforest.(1997上海卷)A.oncetheygrewB.theygrewonceC.theyoncegrewD.oncegrew9.Hemadeanotherwonderfuldiscovery,__________ofgreatimportancetoscience.(1998上海卷)A.whichIthinkisB.whichIthinkitisC.whichIthinkitD.Ithinkis10.HewasveryrudetotheCustomsofficer,__________ofcoursemadethingsevenworse.(1999上海卷)A.whoB.whomC.whatD.which11.RecentlyIboughtanancientChinesevase,__________wasveryreasonable.(2000上海卷)A.whichpriceB.thepriceofwhichC.itspriceD.thepriceofwhose12.He’sgothimselfintoadangeroussituation__________heislikelytolosecontrolovertheplane.(2001上海卷)A.whereB.whichC.whileD.why13.Icanthinkofmanycases__________studentsobviouslyknewalotofEnglishwordsandexpressionsbutcouldn’twriteagoodessay.(2003上海卷)A.whyB.whichC.asD.where14.Thegentleman__________youtoldmeyesterdayprovedtobeathief.(2000上海春)A.whoB.aboutwhomC.whomD.withwhom15.Itwasanexcitingmomentforthesefootballfansthisyear,__________forthefirsttimeinyearstheirteamwontheWorldCup.(2000北京春)A.thatB.whileC.whichD.when16.Theresultoftheexperimentwasverygood,__________wehadn’texpect.(2000北京春) A.whenB.thatC.whichD.what17.HaveyouseenthefilmTitanic,__________leadingactorisworldfamous?(2001上海春)A.itsB.it’sC.whoseD.which18.Johnsaidhe’dbeenworkingintheofficeforanhour,__________wastrue.(2001北京春)A.heB.thisC.whichD.who19.Isthisthereason__________atthemeetingforhiscarelessnessinhiswork?(2002上海春)A.heexplainedB.whatheexplainedC.howheexplainedD.whyheexplained20.Thefamousbasketballer,__________triedtomakeacomeback,attractedalotofattention.(2002北京春)A.whereB.whenC.whichD.who21.Wearelivinginanage__________manythingsaredoneoncomputer.(2003北京春)A.whichB.thatC.whoseD.when22.Wewillbeshownaroundthecity:schools,museums,andsomeotherplaces,__________othervisitorsseldomgo.(2002北京)A.whatB.whichC.whereD.when23.York,__________lastyear,isaniceoldcity.(2003北京)A.thatIvisitedB.whichIvisitedC.whereIvisitedD.inwhichIvisited24.Luckily,we'dbroughtaroadmapwithout__________wewouldhavelostourway.(2004北京春)A.it　        　　　　　　B.thatC.this　　　　　              D.which25.Thejourneyaroundtheworldtooktheoldsailorninemonths,__________thesailingtimewas226days.(2004广西卷)A.ofwhichB.duringwhich C.fromwhichD.forwhich26.Thefactoryproduceshalfamillionpairsofshoeseveryyear,80%__________aresoldabroad.(2004辽宁卷)A.ofwhichB.whichofC.ofthemD.ofthat27.Therearetwobuildings,__________standsnearlyahundredfeethigh.(2004湖北卷)A.thelargerB.thelargerofthemC.thelargeronethatD.thelargerofwhich28.TheEnglishplay__________mystudentsactedattheNewYear’spartywasagreatsuccess.(2004全国卷)A.forwhichB.atwhichC.inwhichD.onwhich【1995-2008年97套高考英语单项填空分类详解·定语从句】1.C。先行词是地点名词，且定语从句中缺地点状语，用关系副词where。2.D。关系代词which代替Carol所说的话。句意为：Carol说这工作将在十月完成，我本人对此表示怀疑。3.B。关系代词which代表前面整个主句，在定语从句中作主语。ofcourse为插入语，做题时可略去不看。4.B。关系代词as代表整个主句，在定语从句中作主语。5.C。先行词是表示时间的词thehours，并在定语从句中作状语，因此选关系副词when。定语从句与先行词被backtome分开。6.B。as在定语从句中代表主句。意为“正如…”，它引导的定语从句既可放在主句前，也可放在主句后。which也可以代表主句，意为“这/那件事…”，但它引导的定语从句只能放在主句的后面。7.D。on不表钟点;by指时间“到那时为止”。句意为“在办公室里，我似乎直到下午5:30才有空，那时，许多人都已回到家。”8.C。先行词是those(指thoseflowers)。theyoncegrew前省略了关系代词which。副词once要放在行为动词前。句意为：这儿所养的花是由他们曾在森林里种植的花培养出来的。9.A。答案中的“Ithink”是插入语，如果将其去掉，便可清楚地看出答案。另外，which在题中引导一个非限制性定语从句，并在从句中作主语。10.D。考点与是在第20小题相同，题干的句子结构也几乎一样。11.B。表示先行词所表示的“那个人或物的…”用whose…或the…ofwhich=ofwhich…。因此，表示“花瓶的价格”可说thepriceofwhich或ofwhichtheprice或whoseprice。另外，若在itsprice前加and也对。 12.A。先行词是situation，指地点位置，用where(=inwhich)引导定语从句。13.D。先行词是manycases，定语从句中缺状语(inmanycases在许多情况下)，用where(=inwhich)引导定语从句。14.B。tellsbabout…把有关…的情况告诉某人。15.D。这是非限制性定语从句，先行词是moment，关系词在从句中作状语，用when。16.C。which代表整个主句，在定语从句中作hadn’texpected的宾语。17.C。用whose作定语。18.C。关系代词which，代表John所说之事，在定语从句中作主语。which=andthat/this/it。19.A。thereason后接定语从句。因为代表先行词thereason的关系代词that/which作explained的宾语，所以被省略了。注意与thereasonwhy?不同：Isthereanyreasonwhyyoucan’tcome?(why在定语从句中作状语)20.D。先行词是人Thefamousbasketballer(著名的篮球明星)，用who引导定语从句。21.D。先行词是表时间的age(时代)，并在定语从句中作状语，用when。22.C。先行词是地点名词places，并在定语从句中作状语，用where(www.yygrammar.com)。23.B。先行词虽然是表地点的York，但代表它的关系词在定语从句中作及物动词visited的宾语，排除C和D;又因that不可引导非限制性定语从句，排除A。24.D。此题不仅考查定语从句，同时考查虚拟语气。其中的withoutwhich为介词加关系代词结构，介词短语表达与过去事实相反的条件。25.A。这是考查非限制性定语从句。因为thesailingtime与ninemonths是部分与整体的关系，所以选A：ofwhichthesailingtime=thesailingtimeofwhich=andthesailingtimeoftheninemonths。句意是：这次环球旅行花了这个老水手9个月的时间，其中海上航行时间有226天。26.A。因为前后是句子，而又没有连词连接，所以选A，将后句变成一个起补充作用的非限制性定语从句，80%ofwhich=and80%ofthem(其中80%)。27.D。因前后是两个句子，必须要有连词将其连接，排除A和B;若选C，那么that引导的定语从句修饰thelargeone，因缺少谓语动词而不成句子;所以只有D正确：thelargerofwhich=andthelargerofthem(其中较大的那一座建筑物)。28.C。因为表示“在剧中演出”是actinaplay，所以选C：mystudentsactedintheplay。