principles of fracture treatment：骨折的治疗原则

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1、PrinciplesofFractureTreatmentDefinitionofFractureItisdisruptionofbonecontinuity.Althoughmostof#soccurasaresultofasingleepisodebyaforcepowerfulenoughtofractureanormalbone,thereare2typesof#inwhichthisisnotso:Pathologicalfract.Stressfract.Pathologicalfrac

2、ture:Itisoneinwhichaboneisbrokenthroughanareaweakenedbypre-existingdisease,&byadegreeofforcethatwouldhaveleftnormalboneintacte.gosteoporosis,O.M.,bonetumours.Stressfracture:Bone,likeothermaterials,reactstorepeatedloading.Onoccasion,itbecomesfatigued&ac

3、rackdevelopse.gmilitaryinstallations,balletdancers&athletes.DiagnosisClinicalpictureRadiographyClinicalFeaturesofFractureHistoryoftraumaSymptoms&signs:1.Pain&tenderness2.Swelling3.Deformity4.Crepitus5.Lossoffunction6.Abnormalmove.7.N.V.injuriesRadiogra

4、phicFindingsPlainx-ray:shouldshowjointabove&jointbelow,inatleast2views,specialviewsonrequest.C.T.MRI:Itisnothelpfulinfract.diagnosisotherthandelineatingassociatedinjuriestotheCNS,S.T.disruptionoroccasionallyfatiguefract.FractureClassificationAnat.Locat

5、ionDirectionoffract.LineWhertherthefract.IslinearorcomminutedConditionofoverlyingS.T.MechnismofinjuryAOclassificationAOClassificationA:Simplefract.B:Wedgefract.C:Complexfract.AOClassificationAOClassificationB=wedgefract.B3wedgefractfragmentedwedgeAOCla

6、ssificationOPENANDCLOSEDFRACTURESMechanismofInjuryClassificationDirecttraumaIndirectTraumaDirecttrauma:TappingfracturesCrushingfracturesPenetratingfractures-Highvelocitymissiles>2500f/s-Lowvelocitymissiles<2500f/sIndirectTrauma:Tractionortensionfract.a

7、ngulationfract.Rotationalfract.Compressionfract.FractureManagementFractureManagementEmergencycare–(splinting)DefinitivefracturetreatmentRehabilitationEmergencycare–(splinting)Splintthemwheretheylie.Adequatesplintingisdesirable,why?Typesofsplints:-impro

8、vised-conventionalDefinitivefracturetreatmentThegoaloffracturetreatmentistoobtainunionofthefractureinthemostanatomicalpositioncompatiblewithmaximalfunctionalreturnoftheextremity.ConservativeOperativeConservativeReduction:ifdisplacedund