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1、美驻华大使在北京大学的英语演讲稿 It’sinterestingtonotebecausewhenyouputU.S.-Chinarelationsinpropercontextinhistory,itreadslikearollercoaster.CalebCushingwassentoverherebyJohnTylerbecausetherewasgreatconcernthattheBritishweregettingwaytoomuchoutoftheirtradingrelationshipwithChina. 有
2、趣的是，当你把美中关系放到适当的历史背景中观察的话，就会发现它像一辆过山车。约翰∙泰勒把凯莱布∙顾圣派到这里来，是因为英国从与中国的贸易关系中所得甚多，引起了美国的极大关切。 You’llrememberthefirstOpiumWar,right?1837to1842.1842resultedintheTreatyofNanjingwhichopenedupseveralimportantports–Xiamen,Fuzhou,Ningbo,Shanghai,andoneoldCantonp
3、ort.Tradefacilitationwasachieved.TheyloweredtariffsandtheyalsodealtwithHongKong,asyouwillrecall,whichlaterwasdealtwithalittledifferently.Itwasanopen-endedagreementin1842anditlaterbecamequitespecific,a99yearleasein,Ithink,1897or1898. Goodafternoon,ladiesandgentlemen.T
4、heissueoftheYellowRiverhasbecomethebiggestconcernofmembersoftheChinesepeoplesPoliticalConsultativeConference.Mychildhood,infact,iscloselyassociatedwiththeriver.Myfatherisanengineeringgeologist,andheusedtotakemewithhimonhistripstothehydropowerstationsontheriver.Ienjoye
5、dthosetrips,especiallythetriptoLongyangXiareservoir.Althoughtenyearshavepassedsincemyvisit,Icanstillrecallthescenery;IcanstillrecallthewaterIsawatthereservoir.Itwaspure,cleanandblue,notlikethewaterIsawinthemiddlereachesoftheriver,whichhadturnedbrownandmuddyafterpassin
6、gthroughtheLoessPlateau. 你们会记得第一次鸦片战争，是不是?从1837年到1842年。1842年战争结束时签订了《南京条约》，开放若干重要口岸——厦门、福州、宁波、上海和旧称Canton的广州港。促进贸易的目的达到了。条约规定降低关税，你们还会记得，还涉及香港问题，后来的处理方式有些不同。1842年时，这是一项没有期限的协议，后来，我想是在1897年或1898年加以具体化，即规定了99年的租期。 TheU.S.wasveryconcernedaboutthisagreementbetweentheUKa
7、ndChina,whichresultedafterthefirstOpiumWar.PresidentTylersentoverCalebCushing,mycolleaguealongtimeago,andhenegotiatedanothertreatycalledtheTreatyofWangxia,whichessentiallygavetheUnitedStatesmoreofalevelplayingfieldwiththeUK.Itsimilarlyopenedupalotofportsforcommerceand
8、fortradefacilitation,butitalsoachievedasenseofextraterritoriality,thefirstever,whichmeantthatAmericancitizenswouldbetreatedu
