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1、构词法WordFormation 审稿：白雪雁 责编：张敏 在英语中，词的构成方式主要有三种：合成、转化和派生。 一、合成Compounding两个或更多的词合成一个词。 方式：1.直接写在一起。 2.用连字符(-)连接。 3.由两个分开的词构成。 (1)合成形容词方式例词1形容词＋形容词red-hot2形容词＋名词first-class,full-time,part-time3形容词＋现在分词good-looking,free-thinking,4
2、形容词＋过去分词ready-made5形容词＋名词-edgood-tempered,middle-aged,cold-blooded6名词＋名词-ediron-willed7名词＋形容词world-famous,day-long8名词＋现在分词beauty-loving,freedom-loving,job-hunting,9名词＋过去分词man-made,water-covered,10副词＋形容词ever-green11副词＋现在分词hard-working,far-seeing12副词＋过去分词well
3、-prepared,quickly-cured,well-known13数词＋名词five-year14数词＋名词+形容词five-year-old15数词＋名词-edfour-legged,six-storied (2)合成动词构成方式例词1名词＋动词day-dream2副词＋动词overcome,upturn翻起3形容词＋动词white-wash (3)合成名词构成方式例词1名词＋名词horseback,bank-note,newspaper,cellphone,2形容词＋名词back-yard,fo
4、rehead,3动名词＋名词hidingplace,reading-room4动词＋副词get-off,breakin,5副词＋动词output,overflow (4)合成副词however,maybe,wherever,whenever,forever (5)合成代词whoever,,whatever,everyone,nobody,myself,something,anything, 二、派生Derivation 前缀前缀含义例词a-处在……arise,aside,aloneen-使可能enri
5、ch,enable,enslavedis-不，否定dissatisfy,dishonest,disappear,disorder,un-不做相反动作unable,unknown,uncommon,uncomfortable,unfair,unclose,undress,uncover,untiein-im-ir-il-不，非inactive,incapable,impatient,incorrectimpossible,impersonal,impolite,immature,impracticalirreg
6、ular,irresponsibleillogical,non-不，非nonexistent,non-interference,non-conductor,non-stopde-向相反方向发展Decentralize（分散）,defrost（解冻）anti-反（对）anti-freeze,anti-fascistmis-错误的，坏的misdoings,misunderstand,misfortunere重复，再rewrite,remarry,reunite,recycle,co-共同co-exist,co-o
7、perate,co-educationex以前的Ex-husband,ex-presidenttele远程telephone,telegraph,telescopesuper-在上面，超级supermarket,superpower,under-在……之下underline,underestimate,underground,inter-相互，之间international,interact,inter-changesub-下，次subtitle,submarine,subconscious,subconti
8、nent,trans-过，穿过，变transformation(变形),translatevice-副vice-premier,vice-presidentsemi-半semifinal,semicircle,semi-automaticbi两个bicycle,biennial两年一次的tri三个triangle三角形,tricycle三轮脚踏车,triplets三胞胎mul-多，多种multipl
