资源描述：
《词汇学构词法Word FORMATION》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。
1、Chapter4WordinformationIITheexpansionofvocabularyinmodernEnglishdependschieflyonword-formation.Thereisavarietyofmeansbeingatworknow.Themostproductiveare：affixation,compoundingandconversion词缀法、复合法和转类法Andthereareminorprocessesofwordformation几个次要构词方法：blending,clipping,acronymy,back-fo
2、rmationandwordsfrompropername4.1Affixation词缀法4.1.1Prefixation前缀法Prefixationistheformationofnewwordsbyaddingprefixestostems.前缀法是在词干上加前缀构词的一种方法。Weshallclassifyprefixesonasemanticbasisintoninegroups我们可从语义的角度把前缀分为九类。1.“negative”prefixes表示否定意义的前缀prefixesmeaningexamplesa-not,theconverseo
3、famoral,apoliticaldis-disloyal,disobeyin-injusticeil-illegalir-irresistibleim-immaturenon-non-smoker,non-classicalun-unfair,unwilling2.“reversativeorprivative”(“非”﹑“缺”)prefixes表示逆向意义的前缀prefixesmeaningexamplesde-reversingtheactiondecentralize,de-composedis-disunite,disallowun-unhors
4、e,unwrap3.“pejorative”prefixes（贬损）表示贬义的前缀prefixesmeaningexamplesmal-wronglymaltreat,malpracticemis-badmisconduct,mistrustpseudo-falsepseudo-science4.Prefixesofsizeordegree表示程度、大小等意义的前缀prefixesmeaningexamplesarch-supremearchbishopextra-superiorextra-stronghyper-extremehyperactivemac
5、ro-largemacrocosmmicro-smallmicrocomputermini-littlemini-electionout-surpassingoutliveover-excessiveoverweightsub-belowsubheadingsuper-morethansuperfreezesur-oversurtaxultra-extremeultra-conservativeunder-toolittleunderdeveloped 5.Prefixesoforientationandattitude表示倾向和态度等意义的前缀prefi
6、xesmeaningexamplesanti-againstanti-nuclear,anti-government,anti-clockwisecontra-againstcontraflowcounter-againstcounterattackpro-forpro-student,pro-democracyco-withcooperate6."locative"prefixes表示方位意义的前缀prefixesmeaningexamplesextra-outextraordinary,extramaritalfore-frontforehead,for
7、earminter-between,amonginter-city,interpersonal,internationalintra-insideintra-party,tele-distanttelecommunicationtrans-acrosstranscontinental,transplantsub-undersubway 7.Prefixesoftimeandorder表示时间和顺序等意义的前缀prefixesmeaningexamplesex-formerex-professor,ex-presidentfore-beforeforetel
8、l,foreknowledge,foreseepos
