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1、Lexicology:isabranchoflinguistics,inquiringintotheoriginsandmeaningsofwords. TheNatureandScopeofEnglishlexicology：EnglishlexicologyaimsatinvestigatingandstudyingthemorphologicalstructuresofEnglishwordsandwordequivalents,theirsemanticstructures,relations,historicaldevelopment,formationandusages. Th
2、esubjectsthatEnglishLexicologycorrelatedwithandextentto：EnglishLexicologyiscorrelatedwithsuchlinguisticdisciplinesasmorphology(形态学),semantics(语义学),etymology(词源学),stylistics（文体论）and lexicography(词典学) ThereasonforastudenttostudyEnglishlexicology：Accordingtothetextbook,EnglishLexicologywilldefinitely
3、bebeneficialforstudentsofEnglish.AgoodknowledgeofmorphologicalstructuresofEnglishwordsandrulesofword-formationwillhelplearnersdeveloptheirpersonalvocabularyandconsciouslyincreasetheirwordpower.Theinformationofthehistoricaldevelopmentandtheprinciplesofclassificationwillgivethemadeeperunderstandingo
4、fword-meaningandenablethemtoorganize,classifyandstorewordsmoreeffectively.Theunderstandingandtheirsenserelationswillgraduallyraisetheirawarenessofmeaningandusage,andenablethemusewordsmoreaccuratelyandappropriately.Aworkingknowledgeofdictionarieswillimprovetheirskillsofusingreferencebooksandraiseth
5、eirproblem-solvingabilityandefficiencyofindividualstudy. Chapter1--BasicconceptsofwordsandvocabularyWord:Awordisaminimalfreeformofalanguagethathasagivensoundandmeaningandsyntacticfunction.(1)aminimalfreeformofalanguage(2)asoundunity(3)aunitofmeaning(4)aformthatcanfunctionaloneinasentencesoundandme
6、aning:almostarbitrary,“nologicalrelationshipbetweenthesoundwhichstandsforathingoranideaandtheactualthingandideaitself”soundandform:thesoundshouldbesimilartotheform Vocabulary:allthewordsinalanguagemakeupitsvocabularyThe3StagesofDevelopmentofEVocabulary:OldEnglishvocabulary,MiddleEV,ModernEVChapter
7、2thedevelopmentoftheEnglishVocabularyTheIndo-EuropeanLanguageFamilyTheEightGroupsinIndo-EuropeanFamilyofLanguagesTheBalto-slavicGroup（波罗的-斯拉夫语族）：Latvian,Russian,Bugarian,Polish,Czechetc.TheIndo-IranianGroup（印度-伊朗
