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1、TaimiTonu–JustinTime:anEvaluationofTonga’sRestorativeYouthDiversionSchemeBySeanFergusMackesy-BuckleyAthesisSubmittedtoVictoriaUniversityofWellingtonInfulfilmentoftherequirementsforthedegreeofMastersVictoriaUniversityofWellington2008161AbstractInNovemberof2006

2、,anumberofyoungpeopleundertheageof18wereinvolvedinriotingthatdestroyedalargeportionoftheKingdomofTonga’scapitalcity,Nuku’alofa.TheGovernmentofTonga(GoT)respondedbyimplementingayouthdiversionscheme(YDS)basedontheprinciplesandpracticesofrestorativejustice.Thein

3、tentionwasthatthroughtheYDS,youthcouldbeheldaccountablefortheiractionswhilstavoidingtimeconsumingandlifedamagingcriminalprosecutions.ThisthesisevaluatedtheYDStodeterminewhatitsoutcomeswereandwhetherthecontinuationoftheschemewouldprovidetheTonganjusticesystemw

4、ithaneffectivetoolforaddressingyouthinconflictwiththelaw.LiteratureonhowtheTonganjusticesystemaddressedyouthinconflictwiththelawpriortotheYDS,isreviewedandbarrierstoeffectivenessareidentified.LiteraturerelatingtothedesignoftheYDS,restorativejusticeandaspectso

5、fNewZealand’sownyouthjusticesystem is alsoreviewedandusedtodevelopYDSevaluationcriteria.DataontheYDShasbeencollectedfromrecords,interviewswiththoseinvolvedandobservationsof practice.Thisdataisevaluatedandtheoutcomesareassessedfortheireffectivenessinresponding

6、toyouthinconflictwiththelaw.ThestudyconcludesthattheYDSisaneffectivetoolforrespondingtoyouthinconflictwiththelaw.Itprovidesaneffectivealternativetopunitiveresponsestoyouthoffending;itadvancescompliancewithanumberofthoseinternationalhumanrightsprovisionsreleva

7、nttotheprotectionofyouthinconflictwiththelaw;ithasrelievedpressureonabackloggedcriminaljusticesystem;anditenabled34of35youthtobeheldaccountablefortheiractionswithoutrecoursetocriminalprosecution.Atthesametimeanumberofchallengeswereidentifiedthatcouldimpedeits

8、abilitytosustaintheseoutcomes.Nevertheless,theYDSachievedconsiderablesuccessandprovidesTongawithauniquetoolforeffectivelyrespondingtoyouthinconflictwiththelaw.161AcknowledgmentsInTongaIwo