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1、ParagonimuswestermaniParagonimuswesternaniwasfirstdescribedfromtwoBengaltigerthathaddiedinzoosinEuropein1878.Duringthenext2years,infectionsbythisworminhumanswerefoundinFurmosa.Itwasveryquicklyfoundinthelungs,brain,andvisceraofhumansinJapan,Korea,andthePhilippines.
2、ThelifecyclewasworkedoutbyKobayashiandYokagawa.ThemajorfocusofinfectiontodayremainsintheOrient,includingIndiaandthePhilippines.ItalsoappearstobeendemicthroughouttheEastIndies,NewGuinea,theSolomonIslands,Samoa,westernAfrica,Peru,Colombia,andVenezuela.Thetaxonomyoft
3、hegenusisdifficult,andsomeofthesereportsmaybeofother,closelyrelatedspecies.Paragonimiasisisanexcellentexampleofzoonosis.并殖吸虫Paragonimuswestermani卫氏并殖吸虫Pagumogonimusskrjabini斯氏狸殖吸虫人兽共患型兽主人次型卫氏并殖吸虫（肺吸虫）Paragonimuswestermani卵巢子宫睾丸卵黄腺一、形态成虫卵黄腺肠支口吸盘睾丸腹吸盘子宫中等大小不规则椭圆形金黄色
4、1个卵细胞、10多个卵黄细胞卵壳厚薄不一卵盖大、常倾斜、也可缺如大小形状颜色卵壳内容物其他虫卵卵细胞卵盖卵壳卵黄细胞毛蚴胞蚴川卷螺成虫（肺）人、犬、猫、虎等囊蚴入水（痰、粪便）体内移行穿肠壁肺穿膈肌胸腔腹腔二、生活史Lifecycle母雷蚴子雷蚴尾蚴溪蟹滞育童虫（野猪、野鼠）卵窜扰肝、脑、皮下1、感染期：2、感染方式：3、寄生部位：4、终宿主：5、保虫宿主：囊蚴生吃含囊蚴的溪蟹、转续宿主的肉（猪肉）犬、猫、虎人生活史特点：肺、异位寄生三、致病（pathogenesis)急性期慢性期脓肿期囊肿期纤维疤痕期Theearly,i
5、nvasionstagesofparagonimiasiscausefewornosymptomaticpathologicalconditions.Onceinalungoranectopicsite,thewormstimulatesconnectivetissueproliferationthateventuallywillenshrouditinabrownishorbluishcapsule.Suchcapsulesoftenulcerateandhealslowly.Eggsinsurroundingtissu
6、eswillthemselvesbecomecentersofpseudotubercles.Wormsinthespinalcordareknowntocauseparalysis,whichsometimesistotal.FatalcasesofParagonimusinthehearthavebeenrecorded.Cerebralcaseshavethesameresultsasthoseofcerebralcysticercosis.Pulmonarycasesusuallycausechestsymptom
7、s,withbreathingdifficulties,chroniccough,andsputumcontainingbloodorbrownishstreaks.Fatalcasesarecommon.三、致病（pathogenesis)临床分型胸肺型腹型皮下包块型脑脊髓型亚临床型其他型录像四、诊断（diagnosis)病原学诊断免疫学诊断痰检虫卵活组织检查粪检虫卵ELISA酶联免疫吸附试验皮内试验直接涂片法五、流行与防治(EndemityandPrevention)流行毛蚴胞蚴川卷螺成虫（肺）人、犬、猫、虎等囊蚴入水
8、（痰、粪便）母雷蚴子雷蚴尾蚴溪蟹滞育童虫（野猪、野鼠）卵123传染源卵巢子宫睾丸卵黄腺一、形态成虫斯氏狸殖吸虫Pagumogonimusskrjabini卫氏并殖吸虫第一中间宿主川卷螺斯氏狸殖吸虫拟钉螺终宿主人，犬，虎果子狸幼虫移行症第十一章绦虫(Cestode)第一节概 论P1312、虫体分节3、雌雄
