设计供应链以用来合理区分原始设备制造商的特点_毕业论文.doc

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1、标题：MakingsupplychaindesigntherationaldifferentiatingcharacteristicoftheOEMs原文：Theownershipofthepartsmanufacturerswasconsequentlyfusedtogetherintonewglobalcompanieswithsignificanttechnologicalandinnovationcapabilities.Atthesametime,theOEMsdivestedtheircomponentsandsub-syst

2、emsdivisionsinanefforttotapintothenon-OEMautomotivemarkets.ThesedevelopmentsintensifiedtheOEMs’movetooutsourcethebulkofthemanufacturinganddesignofthesubsystemsandcomponentstotheirsuppliersand,ineffect,lostmostoftheirmanufacturingstrengthandbargainingpowertothem;thesupplie

3、rscurrentlyaccountfor28%ofthetotalautomotiveindustryprofitsasopposedtoonly24%fortheOEMs.TheoutsourcingtrendhasthusresultedinOEMsrelinquishingtheirhistoricalstrategicroleandtopositionthemselvesmorelikeoriginalbrandmanufacturers(OBMs).Thesetrendshavecontributedtoanaccelerat

4、edincreaseofthesupplyuncertaintyinadditiontothealreadyrecognizeddemanduncertainty.VarioussupplyuncertaintyreductionstrategieshavebeendesignedinordertostabilizetheplanningprocessamongwhichthemostsignificantisthedesigncollaborationwhichincludesthesharingofNPIplansandevenajo

5、intNPIplansdesign.Asthecomponentsandsub-systemsarebeingoutsourced,andthesuppliersareleveragingtheinnovationandtechnologicalcostsacrossOEMs,industrySCstructurehasalsoevolvedintoanextremelycomplexandintricatenetworkinwhichallsupplierstendtohaveshort-termrelationswithmultipl

6、eOEMs.Theresult:anydifferenceinquality,performance,safety,fuelefficiency,andamenitieshasbeenreducedsignificantly.TheOEMs,inmanyways,havehistoricallybeentreatingSCdesignasa‘‘tactical’’issueseparatefromconcurrentlydesigningtheproductandmanufacturingprocess:aftertheconceptde

7、signphase,thePurchasingDepartmentwouldstartcontinuousquestforthelowestcostcomponentsbyestablishinganoptimumbetweenthecapacityandproductioncosts,locationofthesupplier’sfacility,andransportationandlogisticscosts(FinancialTimes2005).Chainperformancewouldthusbemeasuredinovers

8、implifiedandsometimescounterproductive(costreduction-based)terms.However,theperformancemeasurest