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1、INTRODUCTIONTOGENERALRELATIVITYG.’tHooftCAPUTCOLLEGE1998InstituteforTheoreticalPhysicsUtrechtUniversity,Princetonplein5,3584CCUtrecht,theNetherlandsversion30/1/98PROLOGUEGeneralrelativityisabeautifulschemefordescribingthegravitationalfieldandtheequationsitobeys.Nowadays
2、thistheoryisoftenusedasaprototypeforother,moreintricateconstructionstodescribeforcesbetweenelementaryparticlesorotherbranchesoffundamentalphysics.Thisiswhyinanintroductiontogeneralrelativityitisofimportancetoseparateasclearlyaspossiblethevariousingredientsthattogetherg
3、iveshapetothisparadigm.Afterexplainingthephysicalmotivationswefirstintroducecurvedcoordinates,thenaddtothisthenotionofanaffineconnectionfieldandonlyasalaterstepaddtothatthemetricfield.Onethenseesclearlyhowspaceandtimegetmoreandmorestructure,untilfinallyallwehavetodoisdeduceE
4、instein’sfieldequations.Asforapplicationsofthetheory,theusualonessuchasthegravitationalredshift,theSchwarzschildmetric,theperihelionshiftandlightdeflectionareprettystandard.Theycanbefoundinthecitedliteratureifonewantsanyfurtherdetails.Idopaysomeextraattentiontoanapplicat
5、ionthatmaywellbecomeimportantinthenearfuture:gravitationalradiation.Thederivationsgivenareoftentedious,buttheycanbeproducedratherelegantlyusingstandardLagrangianmethodsfromfieldtheory,whichiswhatwillbedemonstratedinthesenotes.LITERATUREC.W.Misner,K.S.ThorneandJ.A.Wheele
6、r,“Gravitation”,W.H.FreemanandComp.,SanFrancisco1973,ISBN0-7167-0344-0.R.Adler,M.Bazin,M.Schiffer,“IntroductiontoGeneralRelativity”,Mc.Graw-Hill1965.R.M.Wald,“GeneralRelativity”,Univ.ofChicagoPress1984.P.A.M.Dirac,“GeneralTheoryofRelativity”,WileyInterscience1975.S.Wein
7、berg,“GravitationandCosmology:PrinciplesandApplicationsoftheGeneralTheoryofRelativity”,J.Wiley&Sons.year???S.W.Hawking,G.F.R.Ellis,“Thelargescalestructureofspace-time”,CambridgeUniv.Press1973.S.Chandrasekhar,“TheMathematicalTheoryofBlackHoles”,ClarendonPress,OxfordUniv
8、.Press,1983Dr.A.D.Fokker,“Relativiteitstheorie”,P.Noordhoff,Groningen,1929.1J.A.Wheeler,“AJourneyintoGravityandSpaceti
