food allergies in children - allergy, nutrition：儿童过敏的食物过敏，营养

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1、InfantFoodAllergiesWhereAreWeNow?JaniceJonejaPh.D.,RD2FoodAllergyinthePast7YearsNearly4%ofNorthAmericanshavefoodallergies,manymorethanrecordedinthepastIncidenceoffoodallergymuchhigherinchildren(>8%)thanadults(<2%)PrevalenceofpeanutallergydoubledinAmerica

2、nchildrenyoungerthan5yearsofageintheyears2002-20073FoodAllergyinthePast7YearsPrevalenceoffoodallergyhighestininfantsandtoddlersCow’smilkallergyincidence:2.5%ofinfantsUpto8%ofchildrenunder3yearshaveallergytoalimitednumberoffoods:Cow’smilkWheatEggShellfis

3、hSoyFishPeanutTreenutsForeverychildwhoactuallyhadafoodallergy,overthreemorechildrenwerebelievedwronglybytheirparentstosufferfromthecondition______________Venteretal20084AgeRelationshipBetweenFoodAllergyandAtopy1232345678910111213141516Age(inyears)0Relat

4、iveIncidenceAsthmaRhinitisEczemaFoodAllergyAnaphylaxisEffectofFoodAllergensEffectofAir-borneAllergens5HistoricalPerspectiveSensitizationtofoodallergenswasthoughttobethestartofthe“allergicmarch”FoodallergyAtopicdermatitis/eczemaAsthmaRhinitisReducingsensit

5、izationtofoodswasthereforeconsideredtheessentialfirststepinallergyprevention6HistoricalPerspectiveMeasuresofpreventionwerealldesignedtoavoidsensitizationtoallergensduringwhatwereconsideredthemostvulnerableperiods:Intra-uterinelifeFrombirthto2-3yearsThisme

6、antreductioninexposuretohighlyallergenicfoods:Mother’sdietduringpregnancyandlactationDelayinintroductionofhighlyallergenicfoodsduringweaningInspiteofthesestringentmeasurestopreventallergy,incidenceofalltypesofallergieshaveincreasedsignificantly7ChangeinDi

7、rectionDuringthePastFiveYearsUnderstandingoftheimportanceofimmunologicalsensitizationandtoleranceRecognitionthattolerancenotsensitizationisthecriticalstepinallergypreventionFindingthatexposuretotheallergenicfoodatanoptimumstageisprobablyacriticalstepinall

8、ergypreventionRecognitionthattolerancecanbeinducedafterallergyhasbeenestablished–leadingtoimportantmeasuresforallergymanagement8AllergyisaResponseoftheImmuneSystemOurimmunesystemsaredesignedtoprotectthebodyfrominvas