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1、2014届高考专题训练—任务型阅读任务型阅读是根据《普通高中课程标准（实验）》提出的“优化学习方式，提高自主学习能力”的理念设计的，旨在考查考生根据学习任务的需要“用英语获取信息、处理信息、分析和解决问题的能力”。该题型要求考生在阅读所给语言材料的基础上对相关信息进行加工，在读透文章、把握主题、理清文脉和审清题意的基础上以完成表格或图表的形式完成相关文字表达的任务。一、文脉导引细节理解类二、主题概括同意转述类任务型阅读：请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入恰当的单词。注意：每个空格只填一个单词
2、。Haveyoueverwonderedwhytherearesomanyskincolorsintheworld?Doyouknowwhypeoplelivinginparticularareasusuallyhaveacertaincolor?Biologyandhistoryarethetworeasonsforthis.Skincontainssomethingcalledmelanin,whichdeterminesaperson’sskincolor.Themoremelaninapersonhas,th
3、edarkerhisorherskinwillbe.Theamountofandtheproductionofmelaninarecontrolledbygenetics,butcanbeaffectedbyotherthings,suchassunlight.Ifapersonlivesinaplacewithlesssunlight,aperson’sbodywillproducelessmelanin,makingtheskinlighter.Skincolorisalsoaffectedbyanotherso
4、urce----vitaminD.humansallneedvitaminDtobuildbones.Peoplecangetitbyeatingfoodssuchasfishandmilk,orfromsunlight,sosunlightabsorbedbymelanincannotbeusedforvitaminDproduction.Therefore,adark—skinnedpersonwillproducelessvitaminDthanalight—skinnedpersonwhentheyrecei
5、vedthesameamountofsunlight.TheconnectionbetweenvitaminDproductionandskincolorisclearwhenwelookatevolution.TheearliesthumanslivedinAfrica,theirdarkskinproducedlessvitaminDbecauseoftheirdarkskin.Asaresult,theirskinmadelessmelanin,sotheycouldgetenoughsunlighttopro
6、ducevitaminD.theirskingraduallygotlighterandtheylosthair.Now,peoplelivinginareaswithstrongsunlightlikeAfrica,havedarkerskin,whilepeoplelivinginotherareashavelighter20skin.TheexceptiontothisistheInuit,wholiveinaplacewithlittlesunlight,buthavedarkskinbecausetheye
7、atalotoffishandhaveenoughvitaminD.Evolutionhasgivenusarainbowofskincolors.Humanshavealwayshadmelanintodetermineourskincolor.Whathaschangedthroughhistoryistheenvironmentwherewehavelived.Thishasinturnchangedourmelaninproduction,andeventually,skincolor.AWorldofSki
8、nColorBrief1Peoplelivinginaparticular2usuallyhavethesameskincolorandtherearemanydifferentskincolorsintheworld.ReasonforskincolorThereasonsfordifferentskincolorsmainly3inbiol
