硬膜下血肿双语教学查房ppt课件

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1、护理教学查房TeachingwardroundofnursingSubduralhematoma硬膜下血肿目录Contents查房目的Purpose1病例汇报Casepresentation23护理措施Nursingintervention665出院指导Healthducation护理诊断Nursingdiagnosis专科知识Specialistknowledge4教学目标TeachingObjectives1、Understandtherelatedknowledgeaboutthesubduralhematoma2、Masternurs

2、ingdiagnosisandnur-ingmeasuresaboutthesubduralhemat-oma1、理解硬膜下血肿的相关知识2、掌握硬膜下血肿的护理诊断和护理措施教学目标TeachingObjectives3、掌握硬膜下引流的相关知识3、Gettingtoknowtherelatedknowledgeab-outsubduraldrainage病例汇报casereport辅助检查AuxiliaryexaminationCTcheckCT检查二、解剖位置anatomysiteextraduralhematomasubduralhem

3、atomaintracerebralhematoma三、病因CauseofdiseaseViolenceorindirectviolentfactors暴力或间接暴力因素四、临床表现Clinicalmanifestation1,Acuteandsubacutesubduralhematomas:disturbanceofconsciousnessoccursfromtheperiodofafewhoursafterinjuryto1-2days;often,increasedintracranialpressureandcerebralhern

4、iasymptoms(headache,nausea,hyperemesis)areprogressivelyaggravatedin1-3days.2,Chronicsubduralhematoma:symptomsofchronicincreasedintracranialpressure:headache,nausea,vomitingandopticdiscedema.1、急性和亚急性硬膜下血肿：伤后数小时至1-2日意识障碍，颅内压增高及脑疝的征象（头痛、恶心、呕吐剧烈）多在1-3日内进行性加重。2、慢性硬膜下血肿：慢性颅内压增高表现：

5、头痛，恶心，呕吐，视神经盘水肿。五、意识状态的评估AssessmentofthestateofconsciousnessGCS评分包括哪几部分内容？五、意识状态的评估AssessmentofthestateofconsciousnessGlasgowRating:最高分为15分，表示意识清楚；12～14分为轻度；9～11分为中度；8分以下为昏迷；最低3分，分数越低则意识障碍越重。六、治疗要点majortreatment处理原则：一经确诊，通常以手术清除血肿。Treatmentprinciples：Onceconfirmed，usuallyRem

6、ovethehematomabyoperation.六、治疗要点majortreatment治疗要点TherapyHighlights常用药物：甘露醇、速尿、甘油果糖、地米、白蛋白应用止血和抗凝药物防止再出血Preventrebleeding凝血障碍疾病所致必须应用进行降压处理常用的药物尼莫地平、硝普钠、速尿急性期血压骤降提示病情危重常用的脱水利尿剂药物：甘露醇、甘油果糖、速尿。控制血压Controlbloodpressure控制脑水肿Controledema降低颅内压ReduceICP七、护理诊断NursingDiagnosis???七、护理

7、诊断nursingdiagnosis1,Brainperfusionabnormalities：relatedtohighIntracranialpressure2,pain:relatedtooperation3,Self-caredeficiencies：relatedtoconsciousnessdisorderandoperation4,Hyperthermia：relatedtoabsorptionofhematoma1、脑组织灌注异常：与颅内压升高有关；2、疼痛:与手术有关3、自理能力缺陷：与意识障碍及手术有关4、体温过高与血肿吸收

8、有关七、护理诊断nursingdiagnosis6,Potentialcomplications：Brainhernia,constipation,c