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1、高考英语定语从句复习 关系代词引导的定语从句 一.关系代词的用法:关系代词指代先行词 在定语从句中作主语 在定语从句中作动词的宾语或者介词的宾语,介词在后 指人 that/who that/who/whom 指物 that/which that/which 上表中黑框内的关系代词可以省略;在口语及非正式文体中whom常被who所替代;另外,关系代词whose表示…(先行词)的 二.示例: 1.关系代词在定语从句中作主语 a.Doyouknowthemanthat/whocametoseeXiaoYangthismorning? b.Thisisabookthat/
2、whichtellsaboutspacerocket. 2.关系代词在定语从句中作动词的宾语 a.Thecomrade(that/who/whom)theycametovisitisascientist. b.Iwillneverforgettheday(that/which)wespentinthecountryside. 3.关系代词在定语从句中作介词的宾语,介词在后 a.Thisisthehouse(that/which)hewasbornin. b.Theperson(that/who/whom)youshouldwritetoisMrBall. c.Theman(tha
3、t/who/whom)youtalkedwithisourEnglishteacher. 引导的定语从句 a.IknowaladywhosehusbandisaNobelPrizewinner. b.Thechildwhosemotherdiedinthefireisnowanengineerinourcompany. c.Heislivinginahousewhosewindowsarepaintedwhite. 三.应注意的问题: 1.指物时,关系代词只用that而不用which的情况: ①.先行词被最高级或theonly,thevery,thesame等修饰时 a.Thi
4、sisthebestplaythatwaswrittenbyJack. b.HeistheonlypersonthatIcantrust. ②.先行词被序数词或thelast等词修饰时 a.Thisisthefirstcarthatarrivedthismorning. ③.先行词为all,everything,nothing,something,anything等不定代词时或被不定代词all,any,no等修饰时 a.Allthepeoplethatcomefromthecountryworkmuchharder. b.ThisisallthatIcantellyou. ④.人
5、+动物或事物共同作为先行词时 a.MyfatherandMrBrowntalkedofthingsandpersonsthattheyrememberedforaboutanhour. ⑤.句中又有which作为疑问词出现时 a.WhichisthetrainthatgoestoBeijing? 2.关系代词who,which,that在定语从句中作主语时,要注意定语从句中的主谓一致问题.因为who/that/which指代先行词,所以定语从句的谓语与先行词保持一致即可 a.Icametogetthebookthatwasleftintheclassroom. b.Icametog
6、etthebooksthatwereleftintheclassroom. 关系副词引导的定语从句 一.关系副词的用法:when在定语从句中作地点状语;where在定语从句中作地点状语;why在定语从句中作原因状语 二.示例: a.HewaswellatthetimewhenIsawhim. b.Let’smeetattheplacewherewemetyesterday. c.ThisisthereasonwhyIaminfavorofthesinger. 三.应注意的问题: 1.在某些表示时间的名词后的关系副词可省略,这样的名词如:thetime,everytime,eac
7、htime,themoment,theminute,thesecond等(也有语法家认为是这些名词直接引导了时间状语从句) a.Bythetime(when)hewasfourteenyearsoldhehadlearnedmuchEnglish. 介词+关系代词引导的定语从句 一.说明:关系代词在定语从句中作介词的宾语时,介词可以位于关系代词之前,从而构成介词+关系代词引导的定语从句 二
