教师职业倦怠的研究状况 毕业论文外文翻译

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1、Chapter1ConceptsandResearchStatus1.1DefinitionofJob-BurnoutEversinceFreudenbergerputforwardtheconcept"burnout",ithasbeenusedspecificallyonthejob-burnoutphenomenaofpeopleinvolvedinpeople-helpingoccupation.Job-burnoutisnowdividedintothreesections:EmotionalExhaustionDepersonalizationandEfficacy.Suchdi

2、visionisfollowedbymostresearchers.1.1.1TheStaticDefinitionofJob-BurnoutSomeresearchersstudyjob-burnoutfromastaticviewpoint.Forexample,Farber6holdsthatjob-burnoutoriginatesfromtheindividual'srecognitionoftheseriousimbalancebetweenhiseffortsandgains.Brillthinksthatthecharacteristicsofjobburnoutcanbev

3、iewedfromtwoangles.Ontheonehand,theindividualhasexperiencedgoodjobachievementandhigheremotionallevelinthesamejobcontext;ontheotherhand,withoutoutsidehelporchangesintheenvironment,itmaybeverydifficultfortheindividualtoreturntotheoriginalstate.1.1.2TheDynamicDefinitionofJob-BurnoutOtherresearcherster

4、mjob-burnoutasadynamicprocess.Forexample,Chernissthinksthatjobburnoutcanbedividedintothreestages.Thefirststageisstress.Theindividualisfacedwithlong-termexcessiveemotionaldemandfromtheirtargetofservice,whichbringsimbalancebetweentheindividual'seffectiveresourcesandhisjobdemand.Thesecondstageisfatigu

5、e.Theindividualhasshort-termemotionalanxiety,fatigueandsenseofburnout.Thethirdstageiscalled"DefensiveCoping",whichinvolvesseriesofchangesinbehaviorandconduct.Theindividualstarttoputhisneedsinfrontofeverythingelseandtreatitstargetofserviceinanalienatedandmechanicalwaysoastodetachotherpeopleandreduce

6、emotionalinput.Atlast,theindividualdiscoversthegreatdisparitybetweenhisactualjobstateandhisexpectation,whichmayleadtoconsiderabledeclineinjobsatisfaction1.1.3GeneralDefinitionofJobBurnoutMaslachandJackson'sdefinitionofjob-burnoutisthemostoft-quotedinnumerousresearchliteratures.Herejobburnoutisdefin

7、edas"theindividual'ssymptomsofemotionalexhaustion,depersonalizationandefficacyinoccupationalareaswithpeopleastheservicetarget."Emotionalexhaustionreferstotheindividual'sexcessiveconsumptioninemotionalresour