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1、OnlineCrowdsourcinginthePublicSector:HowtoDesignOpenGovernmentPlatforms123GiordanoKoch,JohannFüller,andSabineBrunswicker1ChairofInnovation,Technology&EntrepreneurshipattheFriedrichshafenInstituteforFamilyBusinesses,ZeppelinUniversity,88045Friedrichshafen,
2、Germanyg.koch@zeppelin-university.net2DepartmentofStrategicManagement,MarketingandTourism,InnsbruckUniversitySchoolofManagement,6020Innsbruck,Austria,CEOHyveAG,Munich,Germanyjohann.fueller@uibk.ac.at3CompetenceCenterInnovationManagement,FraunhoferInstitut
3、eforIndustrialEngineering,70569Stuttgart,Germanysabine.brunswicker@iao.fraunhofer.deAbstract:Thetrendtowards“openinnovation”hasrevitalizedfirm’sinterestintappingintoexternalinnovationsources.Firmspurposivelyopentheirbusinessmodelstoconnectinternalandexter
4、nalideas,andtoco-createvaluewithpartnersandusers.Internet-basedcrowdsourcingandco-creationplatformshavechangedthewayhowfirmsimplementopeninnovation.Theyallownewparticipatoryproblemsolvingandvalue-creationprocesses.However,thecurrentdiscussiononopeninnovat
5、ionhashardlytoucheduponthepublicsector.Thispaperinvestigatesifcrowdsourcingplatformscanbeappliedinthegovernmentalcontext,andunderwhichconditions.Resultsshowthatcrowdsourcingmaygeneratestronginterestamongcitizensandmayserveassourceofnewhighqualityinput.How
6、ever,ourfindingsalsoindicatethatdesignprinciplesderivedfromopeninnovationprojectsinthecorporateworldmaynotbedirectlyappliedinthegovernmentalcontext;theyneedtobeadjustedandcomplemented.Keywords:openinnovation,crowdsourcing,virtualco-creationplatform,design
7、principles,publicmanagement,opengovernment.1IntroductionSofar,researchonopeninnovation,distributedandparticipatoryproblemsolvinghasfocusedprimarilyonthecorporateworld.Inacorporatecontexttheultimateobjectiveofopeninnovationistocreatevaluableofferingsforafi
8、rm’scustomers,toprofitfrominvestment’sintoinnovation,andtoimproveanindividualfirm’seconomicperformance[1,2,3].Whilethisresearchindicatesthat“unknown”outsiderscanconstituteanimportantsourceforinnovationandvalue-creat
