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1、雅思阅读高分必备语法之名词性从句（上）朗阁海外考试研究中心王玉梅同位语从句在复合句中用作同位语的从句称为同位语从句(appositiveclause)。同位语从句的形式和定语从句相似。两者之前都有先行词，但是与先行词的关系不同：同位语从句与先行词同位或者等同，定语从句则与先行词是修饰关系。同位语从句的先行词多为news,fact,idea,thought,question,reply,report,remark等，关联词多用连词that。如：★Theassumptionthatrobotswillmakehumansredundantandreplaceableisgroundless
2、.认为机器人将令人类变得多余和可取代的假设是站不住脚的。★Weshouldnotlosesightofthefactthatsignificantlyfewerwomenapplyforseniorpositionsincomparisonwithmen.我们不应该忽略这一事实和男性相比更少的女性申请上级职位。关联词that在非正式文体中可以被省去。如：★HegrabbedhissuitcaseandgavetheimpressionhewasboardingtheLondonplane.他拿起了手提箱，给人的印象是他要登上飞往伦敦的飞机了。（同位语从句hewasboarding…省去
3、了关联词that）同位语从句偶尔用关联词whether引导。如：★Hewastorturedbythedoubtwhetherornotheshouldventuretogosouth.他为他是否可以冒险去南方这种疑虑所折磨。4疑问代词who,which,what和疑问副词where,when,why,how亦可引导同位语从句。如：★Thequestionwhoshouldberesponsibleforthisrequiresconsideration.谁该为此负责，这个问题需要考虑。★Weshouldsettlethequestionwhereweshoulddisposeofth
4、ewasteimmediately.我们需要马上解决在哪里处理那些垃圾的问题。★Itisaquestionhowithasbeenachieved.那是一个它如何被实现了的问题。同位语从句一般紧跟在其先行词之后，但有时也可以与先行词分开，置于句末。如：★Thesuggestioncamefromthepublicthatthenewpolicyshouldbeimplemented.实施新政策的建议是公众提出来的。在雅思阅读考试的文章中，这些名词性从句是和其他从句，如状语从句和定语从句等结合使用的，下面朗阁专家给考生们介绍一下在雅思阅读文章中这些名词性从句的使用。1.Theproble
5、mofhowhealth-careresourcesshouldeallocatedorapportioned,sothattheyaredistributedinboththemostjustandmostefficientwayisnotanewone.分析：“howhealth-careresourcesshouldeallocatedorapportioned,sothattheyaredistributedinboththemostjustandmostefficientway”为句子中介词of的宾语。而“sothattheyaredistributedinboththemo
6、stjustandmostefficientway”为介词宾语中sothat引导的目的状语从句。2.Lookingback,itnowseemsquiteincrediblethatinthenationalhealthsystemsthatemergedinmanycountriesintheyearsimmediatelyafterthe1939-45WorldWar,itwasassumedwithoutquestionthatallthebasichealthneedsofanycommunitycould4besatisfied,atleastinprinciple.分析：“
7、thatinthenationalhealthsystemsthatemergedinmanycountriesintheyearsimmediatelyafterthe1939-45WorldWar,itwasassumedwithoutquestionthatallthebasichealthneedsofanycommunitycouldbesatisfied,atleastinprinciple”为that引导的主语从句，“itnows
