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1、秦凯15950663287qinkai@cumt.edu.cn中国矿业大学环测学院遥感原理与应用2012级测绘与地理信息系专业课程第一章 绪论一、遥感概念二、遥感过程三、遥感分类四、遥感发展史1.1遥感概念1983年美国摄影测量与遥感协会ASPRS：themeasurementoracquisitionofinformationofsomepropertyofanobjectorphenomenon,byarecordingdevicethatisnotinphysicalorintimate(亲密的)contactwiththeobjectorphenomenonunderstu
2、dy.1988年ASPRS将之前定义的摄影测量与遥感整合定义为：theart,science,andtechnologyofobtainingreliableinformationaboutphysicalobjectsandtheenvironment,throughtheprocessofrecording,measuringandinterpretingimageryandigitalrepresentationsofenergypatternsderivedfromnon-contactsensorsystems.1.1遥感概念IsRemoteSensingaScience
3、?Ascienceisdefinedasthebroadfieldofhumanknowledgeconcernedwithfactsheldtogetherbyprinciples(rules).Scientistsdiscoverandtestfactsandprinciplesbythescientificmethod,anorderlysystemofsolvingproblems.Scientistsgenerallyfeelthatanysubjectthathumanscanstudybyusingthescientificmethodandotherspecialr
4、ulesofthinkingmaybecalledascience.Thesciencesinclude1)mathematicsandlogic,2)thephysicalsciences,suchasphysicsandchemistry,3)thebiologicalsciences,suchasbotany(植物学)andzoology(动物学),and4)thesocialsciences,suchasgeography,sociology,andanthropology(人类学).1.1遥感概念IsRemoteSensingaScience?Remotesensingi
5、satoolortechniquesimilartomathematics.Usingsensorstomeasuretheamountofelectromagneticradiation(EMR)exitinganobjectorgeographicareafromadistanceandthenextractingvaluableinformationfromthedatausingmathematicallyandstatisticallybasedalgorithmsisascientificactivity.Itfunctionsinharmonywithotherspa
6、tialdata-collectiontechniquesortoolsofthemappingsciences,includingcartographyandgeographicinformationsystems(GIS)(Clarke,2001)1.1遥感概念Jensen,2007InteractionModelDepicting(描述)theRelationshipsoftheMappingSciencesastheyrelatetoMathematicsandLogic,andthePhysical,Biological,andSocialSciencesPhysical
7、SciencesBiologicalSciencesIsRemoteSensingaArt?Visualimageinterpretationbringstobearnotonlyscientificknowledgebutalloftheexperiencethatapersonhasobtainedinalifetime.Thesynergism(协作)ofcombiningscientificknowledgewithreal-worldanalystexper
