儿科学-绪论课件下载ppt课件.ppt

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1、www.med126.com儿科学PEDIATRICS绪论Introduction第一章PURPOSE理解儿科学的特点(Tounderstandthepediatricfeatures)掌握儿童年龄分期及各期特征(Tomastertheagestageandfeaturesinchild)PEDIATRICS目的研究儿童生长发育规律(Tostudyregularruleofgrowth&development)改善儿童健康水平(Toimprovehealthlevel)提高儿童疾病的预防和治疗质量(Toimprov

2、equalityofprevention&treatment)PEDIATRICS定义allhealthproblemsinchildren预防儿科学PreventivePediatrics发育儿科学DevelopmentalPediatrics临床儿科学ClinicalPediatricsPEDIATRICS范围www.med126.com儿科学的范围和任务www.med126.comFeaturesofObjects与成人不同differentfromadult连续的生长和发育Continuousgrowth&

3、developmentPEDIATRICS研究对象特点BasicMedicalFeatures解剖Anatomy机能Functions病理Pathology免疫Immunology心理psychologyPEDIATRICS基础医学特点ClinicalMedicalFeatures疾病种类Categoryofdisease临床表现ClinicalManifestation诊断Diagnosis治疗Treatment预后Prognosis预防Preventionwww.med126.comPEDIATRICS临床医学

4、特点小儿年龄分期胎儿期FetalPeriodfromfertilizedovumtodelivery(about40weeks)Featureeasyabortionormalformationformedbyanyriskfactor年龄分期新生儿期NeonatalPeriodfromumbilicalligationto28thdayFeaturesBeginninglivingindependentlyLacktheabilityofphysiologicalregulationandtoadapttocir

5、cumstancesMorbidity&mortalityareveryhigh年龄分期婴儿期Infancyfromdeliveryto1yearoldFeaturesrapidgrowthperiodfastestbraingrowthnutrition&energyrequirementsaremoredigestive&absorbingfunctionsarepoorpassiveimmunitygraduallydiminishes年龄分期幼儿期ToddlerAgefrom1to3yearsoldFeat

6、uresgrowthbecomesslowermoreactivityandmorecontactwiththeouterworldintelligencedevelopmentbecomesfasterpoorabilitytoidentifydanger年龄分期学龄前期PreschoolAgefrom3yearsoldto6-7yearsoldFeaturesgrowthbecomesslower,intelligencedevelopmentbecomesmorematurestrongdesireofkno

7、wledge,imitationofadult’sbehaviorpoorabilitytoidentifydanger年龄分期学龄期SchoolAgefrom6-7yearsoldtoadolescenceFeaturegrowthbecomessteadierintelligencedevelopmentbecomesmorematureincreasingdesireofknowledgedecreasingincidenceofdiseases年龄分期青春期Adolescencefromtheappeara

8、nceof2ndsexualcharactertogenitalitymaturityandgrowthcompletiongirl11-12yrs--17-18yrsBoy13-14yrs--18-20yrsFeaturegrowth&developmentbecomethefastestneuroendocrineregulationisunsteady