american drama

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1、AmericanDramaIntroduction·EarlyDevelopmentinthe1910s:“LittleTheatreMovement”·ARenaissanceofDramainthe1920s:EugeneO’Neill’sBoundEastforCardiff(1916);“thefounderoftheAmericanDrama”·DramaoftheDepression:CliffordOdets(WaitingforLefty);Steinbeck(OfMiceandMen)·Dramaofpost-warperi

2、od:featureofdiversity---experimentaltechniquesandMultiethnicdrama:Asian-Americandramatists;African-AmericandamatistslStarDramatistsof1940sand1950s:1)TennesseeWilliams:TheglassMenagerie2)ArthurMiller:DeathofaSalesmanlStarDramatistsinthe1960s:EdwardAlbee---theTheatreoftheAbsu

3、rd(Who’sAfraidofVirginiaWoolf)EugeneO’Neill(1888-1953)America’sGreatestPlaywrightAnAmericanShakespeareThefounderofAmericandramaHislife·Anactor’sfamily(1888)·PrincetonUniversity(1906)·LifeonSea(1910-1912)·Tuberculosis(1912-1913)·Baker's47WorkshopatHarvard(1914-1915)·BoundEas

4、tforCardiff(1916)·NobelPrize(1936),Four-Pulitzer-Prizewinner·Death(1953)MajorPlaysThreeperiods(p292)·1916-1920s:BoundEastForCardiff;BeyondtheHorizon(1920)·1934-1946:periodofsilence(p292)·1946-1953:TheIcemanCometh(1946);LongDaysJourneyintoNight(1956)FeaturesofO’Neill’sPlays·

5、Thematically:Dealingwiththebasicissuesofhumanexistence:lifeanddeath,illusionanddisillusion,alienationandcommunication,dreamandreality,selfandsociety,etc.Revealingatragicsenseofmodernmanbeinghelplessandimpotentinafaithless,fragmentarynatureofmodernlife.·Stylistically:Bringin

6、gabouttherealisticandnaturalisticaspectoflifewiththehelpofmodernliterarydevicessuchassymbolismandexpressionism,stream-of-consciousnessetc.生活现实和现代技巧的巧妙结合TheHairyApe1.Theplot(p293)2.Theme1)Humanregression(退化)byindustrialization·Industrializationhasreducedthehumanworkersintoam

7、achine.Workersarethusforcedintojobsthatrequirenothingbutphysicallabor,whichhascausedageneraldeteriorationoftheworkerintoananimalorApe.2)Belonging（归属感）·Yankdies,withouteverfindinghisplaceof“belonging”.Thegeneralfeelingisoneofdespair:manisrootlessinanindifferentandimpersonalu

8、niverse.Symbols·Ape:Theapecanstandformodernmanwhoisimprisonedincage,thatis,themode