运动性骨骼肌微损伤代谢机制及代谢反应评述

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1、运动性骨骼肌微损伤代谢机制及代谢反应评述摘要：运动性骨骼肌微损伤(exercise-inducedmuscledamage,EIMD)会引起肌肉功能的暂时性下降，如果处理不当，还可能造成更严重的损伤或者过度训练，甚至导致运动员运动寿命的结束。但是，已有研究表明恰当的离心运动训练在导致EIMD的同时比向心运动训练更能促进肌纤维肥大和相应的肌力增长，并且还有典型的“重复训练效应”，即EIMD恢复后一段时期内，肌肉重复同样的运动所引起的损伤或延迟性肌肉酸痛(DOMS)明显减轻。因此对其进行深入的研究不但有利于指导运动员避免或者减轻EIMD所带来的负面影响，同时有助于进一步阐明机体对运动训练

2、产生适应的过程或机制。E頂D的诱发机制目前还不清楚，各种假说从本质上可以归纳为机械损伤学说和代谢紊乱学说。但不管是哪种机制诱发了EIMD,众多的实验结果已经证明机体在EIMD过程中发生了深刻的代谢变化，因此从代谢的角度对EIMD进行系统研究将成为此领域研究的重要方向。关键词：运动人体科学；运动性骨骼肌微损伤；代谢机制；代谢反应；综述中图分类号：G804.53文献标识码：A文章编号：1006-7116(2010)12-0112-06Reviewofthemetabolicmechanismandmetabolicreactionofslightkineticskeletalmuscle

3、damageLIJiang-hual,MAOHai-feng2(1.SchoolofPhysicalEducation,JiangxiNormalUniversity，Nanchang330027，China；2.SchoolofPhysicalEducation，YichunCollege,Yichun336000，China)Abstract：Slightkineticskeletalmuscledamage(SKSMD)cancausethetemporarydeteriorationofmusclefunctions,mayalsocausemoreseriousdamage

4、orovertrainingoreventheendofathletesportslifeifnottreatedproperly.However,existingresearchesindicatedthatappropriatecentrifugalexercisetrainingcanbootmusclefiberhypertrophyandcorrespondingmusclestrengthgrowthbetterthancentripetalexercisetraining,andhasatypical“repeatedtrainingeffect”，i.e.within

5、acertainperiodafterrecoveryfromSKSMD,thedamageordelayedmuscleachecausedbymusclerepeatingthesameexerciseissignificantlyreducedoralleviated.Therefore,in-depthstudyofitisconducivenotonlytoguidingathletestopreventSKSMDornegativeeffectsbroughtbySKSMD,butalsotofurtherdescribingtheprocessormechanismfo

6、rthebodytoadapttoexercisetraining.Atpresent,theinducementmechanismofSKSMDisnotclear；essentiallyvarioushypothesescanbereducedintothetheoryofmechanicaldamageandthetheoryofmetabolicdisorder.However,nomatterwhichmechanisminducedSKSMD,alotofexperimentalresultshaveprovedthatprofoundmetabolicchangesoc

7、curredintheprocessofSKSMD.Therefore,systematicstudyofSKSMDfromtheperspectiveofmetabolismwillbecomeanimportantdirectioninthestudyinthisarea.Keywords：sportsscienceofhumanbody；slightkineticmuscledamage；metabolicmechanism；metabolicrea