2018北京中考英语试题（卷）与答案解析(word版)

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WORD格式可下载2017年北京市高级中等学校招生考试英语试卷听力理解（共30分）一、听对话，从下面各题所给的A、B、C三幅图片中选择与对话内容相符的图片。每段对话你将听两遍。（共5分，每小题1分）专业技术资料整理 WORD格式可下载二、听对话或独白，根据对话或独白的内容，从下面各题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选择最佳选项。每段对话或独白你将听两遍。（共15分，每小题1.5分）请听一段对话，完成第6至第7小题。6.Whatdoesthewomanwanttodrink?　A.Tea.　B.Milk.　C.Juice.7.Howmuchdoesthewomanpay?　A.$7.　B.$8.　C.$9.请听一段对话，完成第8至第9小题。8.Wherearethespeakersgoingtohaveapicnic?　A.Inthepark.　B.Onthehill.　C.Attheseaside.9.Whowilljointhespeakersforthepicnic?　A.Theboy’sdad.　B.Theboy’sgrandpa.　C.Theboy’sgrandma.请听一段对话，完成第10至第11小题。10.Howdidtheboygotothewildanimalpark?　A.Bytrain.　B.Bycar.　C.Bybus.11.Whatdidtheboydointhewildanimalpark?　A.Hedrewapicture.　B.Hefedanelephant.　C.Hesawabirdshow.请听一段对话，完成第12至第13小题。12.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?　A.Differentreadingskills.　B.Somebenefitsofreading.　C.Theman’sreadinghabits.13.Whatdoesthemanthinkofreading?　A.Hebelievesitisenjoyable.　B.Hefindsitalittledifficult.　C.Hethinksittakestoomuchtime.请听一段独白，完成第14至第15小题。14.Whatcanweknowaboutthespeaker?专业技术资料整理 WORD格式可下载　A.Shelivesnearherschool.　B.Shelikestravelingabroad.　C.ShewantstoimproveherEnglish.15.Whydoesthespeakersendthismessage?　A.TodescribehertripinLondon.　B.Totellthewaytoherhouse.　C.Tointroduceherhometown.三、听对话，记录关键信息。本段对话你将听两遍。（共10分，每小题2分）请根据所听到的对话内容和提示词语，将所缺的关键信息填写在答题卡的相应位置上。知识运用（共25分）四、单项选择（共10分，每小题1分）从下面各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择可以填入空白处的最佳选项。21.Myfatherisaworker.　　　　isverykind.　A.He　B.She　C.His　D.It22.Moreandmoreyoungpeoplegoskating　　　　winter.　A.at　B.in　C.on　D.to23.---　　　　didyoustopplaying?---BecauseIwastired.　A.How　B.Why　C.When　D.Where24.Thehotelisveryold.It’soneof　　　　buildingsinthecity.　A.old　B.older　C.oldest　D.theoldest25.---　　　　Ihandinthereporttoday?---No,youneedn’t.　A.Can　B.Must　C.Shall　D.Could26.---Howdoyouusuallygotoschool?---I　　　　toschoolonfoot.　A.go　B.went　C.wasgoing　D.willgo27.Mymother　　　　somewashingwhenthetelephonerang.　A.does　B.did　C.isdoing　D.wasdoing28.Lilyismyclassmate.We　　　　eachothersinceshecametoourschool.　A.know　B.knew　C.haveknown　D.willknow29.Themobilephone　　　　in1973.　A.invents　B.isinvented　C.invented　D.wasinvented专业技术资料整理 WORD格式可下载30.---Judy,couldyoutellme_______theschoolbag?---Oh,yes.IboughtitinastoreontheInternet.　A.wheredidyoubuy　B.wherewillyoubuy　C.whereyoubought　D.whereyouwillbuy五、完形填空（共15分，每小题1.5分）阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。AMeaningfulGiftEmilywasaneighthgrader.TopassherCivicscourse（公民课程）,shehadtodosomevolunteerserviceinanursinghomeforaweek.OneMonday,Emilywenttothenursinghomeafterschool.Whenshearrived,shewastoldshewould___31anhoureveryweekdaywithanelderlylady,Mrs.Blair.Shewasthenledintoaroom,whereanoldladyinaflowerydresswassittingonasofa.Emily32awkwardly（别扭地）infrontofthelady.Sheclearedherthroatandsaid,“Goodafternoon.I’mEmily.”“Goodafternoon,Emily.Takeaseat,please.”Mrs.Blairreplied.Then,33filledthespacebetweenthem.Emilywonderedwhattosay.“Tellmeaboutyourself,Emily,”Mrs.Blairsaidsuddenly.“Well,”Emilystarted,“Idon’thaveanygrandparents,soIcan’trelatetoelderlypeoplemuch.Ilovethe　performingarts.I’mheremainlybecauseIhaveto34heretogetagoodgradeformyCivicsclass.”Mrs.Blairdidn’tseemto35.“Manypeople,especiallyteens,don’tseemtocareaboutoldpeoplelikeme.Nowyouarehere,andI’mgoingtochangethataboutyou.Askmeanything.”Emilythoughtforamoment,andfinallydecided,“Whatwasyourjob?”“IwasaBroadwaystarinthe1950s.”Mrs.Blairanswered.“Cool!Canyoutellmeaboutit?”Emilyasked,amazed.Mrs.Blairsmiled.“Backthen,onlytheleadactresshadthehonortoweara36bracelet.Iwastheleadinalmostalloftheplays,soIalwaysworethebracelet.Tillthisday,Istillhaveit.”EmilysmiledalongwithMts.Blairandlistenedtotheotherstories,attentively.ShehadbecomesointerestedinMrs.Blair’s37thatshedecidedtocomeearlierthenextday.Tuesday,Wednesday,andThursdaypassedbyquickly.ThencameFriday.Asshewasleaving,Emilywasreally38tosaygoodbye.“Don’tbesad.Youcanstillvisitme,”Mrs.Blaircomfortedher.ShethenhandedasmallboxtoEmily,“It’smygifttoyou.”Emily39openedtheboxandwassurprisedtoseewhatwasinside.“It’sthebraceletthatyou专业技术资料整理 WORD格式可下载wore.Thankyou!”Emilysaid,withtearsinhereyes.“I’msuretovisityouwheneverI’mfree.”Onthewayhome,Emilythoughtofherownlovefortheperformingarts.Shetouchedthebraceletandmadea40thatshewouldkeepherwordtoMrs.Blair.31.A.waste　B.spend　C.plan　D.exercise32.A.asked　B.sat　C.stood　D.danced33.A.warmth　B.sadness　C.happiness　D.silence34.A.study　B.live　C.volunteer　D.play35.A.mind　B.fear　C.insist　D.regret36.A.strange　B.special　C.common　D.private37.A.dreams　B.hobbies　C.stories　D.jokes38.A.upset　B.confused　C.surprised　D.nervous39.A.proudly　B.secretly　C.worriedly　D.carefully40.A.promise　B.change　C.judgment　D.choice阅读理解（共50分）六、阅读下列短文，根据短文内容，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。（共30分，每小题2分）ASummerProgramsatMuseums专业技术资料整理 WORD格式可下载41.YoucanjoinintheprogramsatthePostalMuseumanyday_______.　A.fromJuly17to23　B.fromJuly29-30　C.fromAugust7-20　D.fromAugust21to2742.Ifyouareinterestedintheprogramaboutvideoarts,youcanphone_______.　A.965-0400　B.654-0930　C.357-3030　D.272-056043.A15-year-oldstudentcantakepartintheprogramsat_______.　A.theBuildingMuseum　B.thePostalMuseum　C.theAirandSpaceMuseum　D.theScienceMuseum44.IntheAirandSpaceMuseum,youcan_______.　A.createastamp　B.buildahouse　C.makeapaperairplane　D.exploreafuturecityBTheSixthTimeIWenttothePrincipal’sOfficeWhenIwasintheseventhgrade,Ihadproblemsbehaving.Myheartwasintherightplace,butIcouldn’talwaysfollowtherules.Iplayedmanytricksonmyschoolmates.Once,Ievenpulledagirl’shairontheschoolbustogetherattention.Asaresult,Iwasrepeatedlysenttotheofficeoftheprincipal（校长）.AlthoughIhatedgoingthere,Ididnothatetheprincipal,Mr.Ratcliff.Mr.Ratcliffwasakind,elderlyman.Whenhespanked（打屁股）meforputtingsomeantsintoaclassmate’spencilbox,itdidn’thurtatall,butitdidhurtmyfeelings.IthoughtsomuchofhimandmomentslikethatseemedtoproveIwashopelesslybad.WhenIgotcalledtoMr.Ratcliff’sofficeforthesixthtime,IhadnoideawhatIhaddone.IfeltdisappointedasIwalkeddownthere.Iwentintohisoffice,satdown,andlookedatthefloor.ThenhesaidthelastthingIexpectedtohear:”Kevin,I’veheardyou’vebeenbehavingreallywelllately.Iwant专业技术资料整理 WORD格式可下载youtoknowhowproudIamofyou,andIjustcalledyoudowntomyofficetogiveyouapeppermint.”“Really?”Iwassurprised.“Yes.Nowyoucantakethatpeppermintandgobacktoclass.”Icarriedthepeppermintwithmeasifitwasagoldcoin.WhenIgotinto　myclassroom,Ibragged（吹嘘）tomyclassmatesaboutmyturnaround,excitedly.Iwasn’tsobadafterall.Mr.Ratcliffwasreallykind.HemademerealizethatIwasjustakidwhohadproblemswithbehavior.HeboughtsomepeppermintsandtookthetimetonoticemewhenIgotsomething-anything-right.Mr.Ratcliffgavemesomehopebygivingmesomelove.Iwilljustrememberhimfortherestofmylife.45.Inhisseventhgrade,thewriter__________.　A.hatedtheprincipal　B.hadproblemsbehaving　C.alwaysfollowedtherules　D.oftenhelpedhisclassmates46.Howdidthewriterfeelwhenhewenttotheprincipal’sofficeforthesixthtime?　A.Lonely.　B.Excited.　C.Confident.　D.Disappointed.47.Thesixthtimethewriterwenttotheprincipal’soffice,hegot__________.　A.apeppermint　B.amodelbus　C.apencilbox　D.acoin48.ThewriterwillalwaysrememberMr.Ratcliff,becausetheprincipal__________.　A.talkedwithhimintheoffice　B.playedgameswithhim　C.expectedhimtobeateacher　D.gavehimsomehopeandloveCBuyingIsDoing?Howimportantisshoppingtoyou?Howmuchtimedoyouspendbuyingthings?Andhowmuchtimedoyouspendorganizingthesethingsinyourhome?Inthefuture,howmuchtimewillyouspendinmovietheaters,atamusementparks,atshoppingmalls,oratconveniencestores?Whenyouadditallup,youwillprobablyseeyouspendalotofyourlifeconsuming（消费）things.Consumingproductsisnotnecessarilybad.However,ifwespendtoomuchtimedoingit,weshouldlookatitcarefully.Imaginethatyouhaveaweekofffromschool.Youdon’thavetogotoclass.However,inthisweek,youcannotspendanymoney-----noshopping,nomovies,noeatingout.Howwouldyouspendyourtime?Whatthingswouldbringyouhappiness?Perhapsyouwouldtakeawalkwithyourbestfriend.Perhapsyouwouldhelpachildread.Oryoumightspendtimewithyourfamily.专业技术资料整理 WORD格式可下载Whenwelookback,itislikelythatnon-consumingexperienceslikethesewillbeourmostimportantmemories.Why?Non-consumingactivitiesareactive,notpassive.Theydon’tcomeinapackage.Youmake　theexperienceyourself.Forexample,eachpersonwhoreadstoachildwillhaveadifferentexperience.The　experiencechangeswiththereader,thechild,andthebook.Similarly,whenyouhaveaconversationwitha　friend,youareactivelycreatinganexperience.Theconversationthatyouhavewithyourfriendcannotbe　experiencedorrecreatedbyanyoneelse.However,ifyouwatchamoviewithafriend,youwilleachhavea　packageexperience.Itrequiresnoactionandlittleinteractionbetweenthetwoofyou.Theenvironmentweliveinencouragesustohavepackagedexperiences.Wefeelthatwemustconsume　becausewebelievethatbuyingisdoing.However,wecanstartapersonalrevolution（变革）against　consumerism.How?Byconsumingless.Wecanaskourselveswhatexperiencesbringusthegreatest　satisfaction.Thenwecanorganizeourlivessothatwehavemoreofthosekindsofexperiences.49.Ifconsumingproductstakestoomuchtime,weshould____________.　A.spendlessmoney　B.thinkaboutitcarefully　C.organizeourthings　D.gotoconveniencestores50.Accordingtothepassage,thewriterbelievesthat_____________.　A.wecansaynotoconsumerismbyconsumingless　B.buyingthingscanbringusthegreatestsatisfaction　C.theenvironmentseldominfluencesourshoppingchoices　D.consumingexperienceswillbeourmostimportantmemories51.Whatisthewriter’smainpurposeinwritingthispassage?　A.Tointroducesomewaysofenjoyingoursparetime.　B.Toencouragepeopletohavemoreactiveexperiences.　C.Toexplainreasonsbehindpeople’sshoppingbehavior.　D.Tosharehispersonalexperienceinconsumingproducts.DSayyou’resittingaroundwithsomefriendsplayingvideogamesandsomeonementionsagamethathappenstobeoneofyourfavorites.“Oh,thatgame’seasy.Sonotworththetime,”oneofyourfriendssays.Theothersagree.Althoughyouenjoythegamequitealot,notwantingtoarguewiththem,yougoalong　withthecrowd.Youhavejustexperiencedwhatiscommonlyreferredtoaspeerpressure（同伴压力）,alsocalledpeerinfluence.Youwilladoptacertaintypeofbehavior,dress,orattitudeinordertobeacceptedaspartofagroupofyour“peers”.Asateen,youarelikelytohaveexperiencedtheeffectofpeerpressureinanumberofdifferentareas.Weareallinfluencedbyourpeersatanyage.Forteens,asschoolandotheractivitiestakeyouawayfromhome,youmayspendmoretimewithyourfriendsthanwithyourfamily.Asyoubecomemore专业技术资料整理 WORD格式可下载independent,yourpeersnaturallyplayagreaterroleinyourlife.AccordingtoDr.CaseyfromCornellUniversity,teensareveryquickandaccurateinmakingdecisionsontheirownandinsituationswheretheyhavetimetothink.However,whentheymakedecisionsintheheatofthemomentorinsocialsituations,theirdecisionsareofteninfluencedbyfactorslikepeers.Inarecentstudy,teenvolunteersplayedavideodrivinggame,eitheraloneorwithfriendswatching.Theresearchersdiscoveredthatthenumberofrisksteenstookmorethandoubledwhentheirfriendswerewatching,comparedwithwhentheyplayedalone.Thisshowsthatteensmayfinditmoredifficulttocontrol　riskybehaviorwhentheirfriendsarearound,orinsituationswheretheyareextremelyangry.Justaspeoplecaninfluenceustomakeunwisechoices,theycanalsoinfluenceustomakegoodones.A　teenmightjoininavolunteerprojectbecausehisorherfriendsaredoingit,orgetgoodgradesbecausehis　orherfriendsthinkgettinggoodgradesisimportant.Infact,friendsoftenencourageeachothertostudy,or　tryoutforsports.Whilewearealwaysinfluencedbythosearoundus,thedecisiontoactornotisuptous.Sowhenitcomestodecisionmaking,thechoiceisuptoyou.52.Accordingtothepassage,Dr.Caseyprobablyagreesthatteens____________.　A.liketoplaydrivinggameswiththeirfriends　B.prefersituationswheretheyhavetimetothink　C.maytakemoreriskswhentheirfriendsarearound　D.areslowinmakingdecisionswhentheyareontheirown53.Thewords“intheheatofthemoment”inParagraph4probablymean“_________”.　A.whenteensavoidpossiblerisks　B.whenteenstrusttheirjudgment　C.whenteenslosecontrolovertheiranger　D.whenteensgiveconsiderationtosituations54.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?　A.Teensareeagertobedifferentfromtheirpeers.　B.Peerpressurehaseffectsonbothteensandadults.　C.Peerpressuredoesmoreharmthangoodtoteens.　D.Teesthinkitchallengingtogetgoodgradesatschool.55.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?　A.PeerPressure:IsItNecessarytoDealwithIt?　B.PeerPressure:IsItPossibletoGetAwayfromIt?　C.PeerPressure:ItsBenefitstoTeensandFriendMaking　D.PeerPressure:ItsInfluenceonTeensandDecisionMaking七、阅读短文，根据短文内容，从短文后的五个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。每个选项只能用一次。（共10分，每小题2分）FromtheOtherSideLaraandTaraaretwins.56,buttheyareverydifferentineverythingelse.Forexample,hotfood专业技术资料整理 WORD格式可下载isLara’sfavorite,andTarahasasweetchoice.However,thisisn’ttheproblemwiththetwingirls.Theyalwaysarguedthattheoppositeonewaswrong.___57,whileTarainsistedthatmorningswerefreshanditwasdifficulttostayuptillmidnight.58　.Toputanendtotheirfights,theirparentsdecidedtocreate　asmalldrama.Theywantedthegirlstounderstandthattheywerebothcorrectfromtheirownpointofview.　Theirparentscoveredthegirls’eyeswithblackribbons,andbroughtthemtothediningroom.59.LarawasaskedtostandononesideoftheboardandTaraontheother.Theycouldn’tseetheothersideofit.　Whentheribbonsweretakenaway,theyweresurprisedtoseeahugeboardbetweenthem.Now,theirfatheraskedLara,“What’sthecoloroftheboard?”Shereplied,“It’sblack!”60___.Shereplied,“It’swhite!”Thetwogirlsbegantoargueagain.WhileLarawasconfidentitwasblack,Tara　wassureitwaswhite.Then,theywereaskedtoexchange（交换）theirplaces.Theycouldn’tbelievetheir　eyes.Tara,whoinsisteditwasawhiteboard,sawablackone.Similarly,Lara,whoarguedtheboardwas　black,wasshockedtoseeawhiteone.Theyunderstoodthateachofthemwasrightinherownview.　MostofusarelikeLaraandTara.Wearerightmosttimes,butinsistthatothersarewrong!　A.Theylooklikeeachother　B.Foryears,theirargumentscontinued　C.TheirmotheraskedTarathesamequestion　D.Intheroom,abigboardwasplacedinthemiddleE.Larathoughtitwasterribletogetupearlyinthemorning八、阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。（共10分，每小题2分）What’sinaName?ManyAmericannamescomefromEngland.ButwheredidmostEnglishnamescomefrom?Centuriesago,mostpeopleinEnglandhadonlyonename--theirfirstname.Inthe11thcentury,fiveor　sixofthe50peopleinavillagemightbenamedWilliam,anditwaseasytogetconfused.ButintheMiddle　Ages,peoplefoundawaytodescribeeachpersonexactly.IftherewerefourWilliamsinonevillage,one　mightbereferredtoasWilliamthesonofJohn.AsecondmightbecalledWilliamfromthehill.Athird,Williamtheblacksmith（铁匠）.Andafourth,Williamthebrownhaired.Inconversation,peoplemightrefer　tothefourWilliamsasWilliamJohn’sson,Williamhill,Williamsmith,andWilliambrown.Itwas300or400yearsbeforetheextra（附加的）namesgraduallydevelopedintolastnames,orsurnames.Theywerepassedonfromgenerationtogeneration.Bythe1300s,Robert,thesonofWilliamsmith,hadthenameRobertsmith,evenifhewasnotablacksmithlikehisfather.Asthelast专业技术资料整理 WORD格式可下载namebecamewidelyaccepted,thefirstletterwascapitalized,asinRobertSmith.Bythe15thcentury,mostpeopleoftheupperandmiddleclasseshadsurnames.Manysurnameswerebasedonfather-sonrelations.The“sonof”partwasaddedtothefather’sfirstname,likeJohnson,meaningJohn’sson.Sometimesitwasshortenedtojust“s”,asinJonesorEvans.SurnameslikeHilldescribedtheplacewhereapersonlived.Theyarethemostcommontypeofsurname.A　thirdkindofsurnamewasbasedonaperson’sjob.Foresterwassomeonewholookedaftertheforest.Inthe　MiddleAges,occupationnamessuchasBaker,Carpenter,andMillerbecamecommon.Thefourthkindof　surnamewasnickname（绰号）.AmanwhosesurnamewasBearmightbeasfierceasabear.Haveyoueverwonderedwhysomesurnamesaresocommon?ThemostcommonsurnameintheEnglishlanguageisSmith.Beingabletomakemetals（金属）intotoolswasanimportantskillintheMiddleAges,andmanypeopleweretrainedasblacksmiths.ThemostcommonAmericansurnamesareSmith,Johnson,WilliamandBrown.61.WheredomanyAmericannamescomefrom?62.Whendidpeoplefindawaytodescribeeachpersonexactly?63.Howlongdidittakeforextranamestodevelopintolastnames?64.Whatisthefourthparagraphmainlyabout?65.WhyweremanypeopletrainedblacksmithintheMiddleAges?书面表达（共15分）九、文段表达（15分）66.从下面两个题目中任选一题，根据中文和英文提示，完成一篇不少于50词的文段写作。文中已给出内容不计入总词数。所给提示词语仅供选用。请不要写出你的校名和姓名。题目①假如你是李华，正在美国参加一个交换生项目。今天下午你应邀和朋友Jim一家外出，请用英语给接待家庭的妈妈Mrs.Smith写一个留言条，告诉她你们要去哪里，去做什么，以及你回家的时间和方式。提示词语：park,movietheater,goboating,watchamovie提示问题：Whereareyougoing?Whatareyougoingtodo?Whenandhowwillyougethome?DearMrs.Smith,MyfriendJimasksmetogooutwithhisfamilythisafternoon._____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________专业技术资料整理 WORD格式可下载______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________.LiHua题目②宽容是一种美德。人与人之间难免会有磕磕绊绊。面对矛盾，多一份包容和谅解，生活就会多一缕阳光。某英文网站正在开展以“包容、谅解”为主题的征文活动。假如你是李华，请用英语写一篇短文投稿，谈谈生活中你原谅他人的一次经历，主要内容包括：你们之间发生了什么，你为什么原谅对方，以及原谅对方之后的感受。提示词语：hurt,realize,forgive（原谅）,happy提示问题：Whathappenedbetweenyouandhim/her?Whydidyoudecidetoforgivehim/her?Howdidyoufeelafterforgivinghim/her?Istillrememberwhathappenedbetween______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________专业技术资料整理 WORD格式可下载专业技术资料整理