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ID:23152215
大小:70.50 KB
页数:9页
时间:2018-11-04
《交通工程专业外文翻译外文文献英文文献》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在应用文档-天天文库。
1、WORD格式可编辑土木工程学院交通工程专业中英文翻译RoadDesign专业:交通工程WORD格式可编辑英文原文TheBasicsofaGoodRoadWehaveknownhowtobuildgoodroadsforalongtime.ArchaeologistshavefoundancientEgyptianroadsthatcarriedblockstothepyramidsin4600BCE.Later,theRomansbuiltanextensiveroadsystem,usingthesameprinciplesweusetod
2、ay.Someoftheseroadsarestillinservice.Ifyoufollowthebasicconceptsofroadbuilding,youwillcreatearoadthatwilllast.Thetencommandmentsofagoodroadare:(1)Getwaterawayfromtheroad(2)Buildonafirmfoundation(3)Usethebestmaterials(4)Compactalllayersproperly(5)Designfortrafficloadsandvolu
3、mes(6)Designformaintenance(7)Paveonlywhenready(8)Buildfromthebottomup(9)Protectyourinvestment(10)Keepgoodrecords1.GetwaterawayfromtheroadWecan’toveremphasizetheimportanceofgooddrainage.Engineersestimatethatatleast90%ofaroad’sproblemscanberelatedtoexcesswaterortopoorwaterdra
4、inage.Toomuchwaterinanylayerofaroad’sstructurecanweakenthatlayer,leadingtofailure.Inthesurfacelayer,watercancausecracksandpotholes.Inlowerlayersitunderminessupport,causingcracksandpotholes.Acommonsignofwaterinanasphaltroadsurfaceisalligatorcracking—aninterconnectedpatternof
5、cracksformingsmallirregularshapedpiecesthatlooklikealligatorskin.Edgecracking,frostheaves,andspringbreakupofpavementsalsopointtomoistureproblems.Topreventtheseproblemsrememberthatwater:•flowsdownhill•needstoflowsomeplace•isaproblemifitisnotflowingEffectivedrainagesystemsdiv
6、ert,drainanddisposeofwater.Todothistheyuseinterceptorditchesandslopes,roadcrowns,andditchandculvertsystems.Divert—Interceptorditches,locatedbetweentheroadandhighergroundalongtheroad,keepthewaterfromreachingtheroadway.Theseditchesmustslopesotheycarrywaterawayfromtheroad.Drai
7、n—Creatingacrownintheroadsoitishigheralongthecenterlinethanattheedgesencourageswatertoflowofftheroad.Typicallyapavedcrownshouldbe14"higherthantheshoulderforeachfootofwidthfromthecenterlinetotheedge.Forgravelsurfacesthecrownshouldbe12"higherperfootofwidth.Forthisflowpathtowo
8、rk,theroadsurfacemustberelativelyWORD格式可编辑watertight.Roadshouldersalsomustbesloped
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