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1、AsystematicalanalysisofthefactorsinfluencingcontextualmeaningofEnglishwords121.IntroductionG.Leech,afamouslinguistproposesthreetypesofmeaninginhisSemantics,firstpublishedin1974,asfollowings:lexicalmeaning,grammaticalmeaningandcontextualmeaning.Leechsaysthatlexicalme
2、aningisthemeaningofanisolatedwordinadictionary,andthiscomponentofmeaningisidenticalinallformsoftheword.Hereisanexampleforillustration:Thewordformsbegin,begins,began,begun,beginningpossessdifferentgrammaticalmeaningoftenses,personsandsoon.Ineachoftheseformsonefindsth
3、esamelexicalmeaningexpressingtheprocessofmovement.Grammaticalmeaningisthecomponentofmeaningidenticalinindividualformsofdifferentwords.Forinstance,thetensemeaningintheword-formsworked,studied,taught,orthepluralmeaninggirl,girlsorthecasemeaningboy’s,word’sandsoon.Exce
4、ptforlexicalmeaningandgrammaticalmeaning,contextualmeaningdependsuponcontext.Differentcontextsgivewordsdifferentmeanings.Therefore,oneshouldpaycloseattentiontothetypesofcontext.Generallyspeaking,therearefourtypesofcontexts:figuresofspeech,culture,technicalareaandhum
5、or.Figureofspeechreferstometonymy,metaphor,allusionandsoon.Thatistosay,thecontextualmeaning,whichoutof allthepossiblemeaningsthattheoriginalrelatedorsuggested,includingthecharactersoftheoriginalandenlightenmentsfromtheoriginal,istheacceptablemeaningtotheword.TheNews
6、WorldEncyclopediadefinescultureas“itisthetotalityofthespiritual,intellectual,andartisticattitudessharedbyagroup,includingitstradition,habits,socialcustoms,morals,lawsandsocialrelations.Sociologically,everysociety,oneverylevel,hasitsculture.”(Guo&Li,2003：11)Consequen
7、tly,Englishwordmeaning,tosomeextentdependsontheEnglishculture.Itisnaturalthatinthecourseofthedevelopmentofsocietyanumberofnewwordsareneededtodescribenewideas.Sotherehasbeenatendencythatmanycommonwordsareusedintechnicalareatoputacrossatechnicalterm.Humorisanartofalll
8、anguage.Manywords,polysemantsinparticularareusedtogiverisetoamusementandrelaxation,andthemeaningsofthosewordsareoftenrelatedtothehumorcont
