毕业论文外文翻译-框架结构

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1、7Rigid-FrameStructuresArigid-framehigh-risestructuretypicallycomprisesparallelororthogonallyarrangedbentsconsistingofcolumnsandgirderswithmomentresistantjoints.Resistancetohorizontalloadingisprovidedbythebendingresistanceofthecolumns,girders,andjoints.Thecontinuityoftheframealsocont

2、ributestoresistinggravityloading,byreducingthemomentsinthegirders.Theadvantagesofarigidframearethesimplicityandconvenienceofitsrectangularform.Itsunobstructedarrangement,clearofbracingmembersandstructuralwalls,allowsfreedominternallyforthelayoutandexternallyforthefenestration.Rigidf

3、ramesareconsideredeconomicalforbuildingsofupto'about25stories,abovewhichtheirdriftresistanceiscostlytocontrol.If,however,arigidframeiscombinedwithshearwallsorcores,theresultingstructureisverymuchstiffersothatitsheightpotentialmayextendupto50storiesormore.Aflatplatestructureisverysim

4、ilartoarigidframe,butwithslabsreplacingthegirdersAswitharigidframe,horizontalandverticalloadingsareresistedinaflatplatestructurebytheflexuralcontinuitybetweentheverticalandhorizontalcomponents.Ashighlyredundantstructures,rigidframesaredesignedinitiallyonthebasisofapproximateanalyses

5、,afterwhichmorerigorousanalysesandcheckscanbemade.Theproceduremaytypicallyincludethefollowingstages:1.Estimationofgravityloadforcesingirdersandcolumnsbyapproximatemethod.2.Preliminaryestimateofmembersizesbasedongravityloadforceswitharbitraryincreaseinsizestoallowforhorizontalloading

6、.3.Approximateallocationofhorizontalloadingtobentsandpreliminaryanalysisofmemberforcesinbents.4.Checkondriftandadjustmentofmembersizesifnecessary.5.Checkonstrengthofmembersforworstcombinationofgravityandhorizontalloading,andadjustmentofmembersizesifnecessary.6.Computeranalysisoftota

7、lstructureformoreaccuratecheckonmemberstrengthsanddrift,withfurtheradjustmentofsizeswhererequired.Thisstagemayincludethesecond-orderP-Deltaeffectsofgravityloadingonthememberforcesanddrift..7.Detaileddesignofmembersandconnections.Thischapterconsidersmethodsofanalysisforthedeflections

8、andforcesforbothgra