on tess’s tragic fate in tess of the d’urbervilles

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1、OnTess’sTragicFateinTessoftheD’Urbervilles　　【Abstract】InTessoftheD’Urbervilles，theheroineTesshasnochoicebuttofollowthedispositionofhertragicfate.Sheseemstobeledtoherfinaldestructionstepbystepbyfate.Thispaperisfocusedonthejointforcesincludingthesocialfactors，theconventionalfactorsa

2、ndTess’scharactertoillustrateTess’stragicfate.　　【Keywords】Tess；TessoftheD’Urbervilles；Fate　　TessoftheD’Urbervillesisastoryaboutapurewoman’stragiclife.Inthisstory，theheroineTess’slifebecomesasuccessionofjourneyswhichdoesn’tmakeherstrongerbutmoretragic.Shebecomesavictimofherfatethat

3、seemsirresistibleandinevitable.ThispaperstudiesthejointeffortsofavarietyoffactorsthatcontributetoTess’stragicfate.　　1.SocialFactors　　Tessisinatimewhenthenaturaleconomywasdecliningandthecapitalisticeconomywasrising.Tess’sfateiscloselylinkedupwiththetimesheisin.Thepeasantgirl’smisfo

4、rtunesareinevitablyassociatedwiththedisintegrationofthepeasantry，whichreacheditsfinalstageinEnglandatHardy’stime.ThecomingoftheIndustrialRevolutionmakesagriculturalmachinesinvadeintothecountryside，sotheneedoffarming-laborersisreduced.ThetragicfateofTessandofherfamilyisthereforenot

5、thatofanindividualorafamily，butissymbolicofthedestructionoftheEnglishpeasantryandtheinevitableresultoftheIndustrialRevolutiontowardtheendofthe19thcentury.Sheissomewhatavictimofeconomicoppressionandsocialinjustice.　　Tessnotonlycomesfromthelaboringfolkbutalsoisherselfalaborer.Shebel

6、ongstothelowestclassofthesociety.TheeconomicstatuspredestinesTess’sfate.Tessenduresbothtyrannyandinsult，whichsufficientlyindicatehowmuchapoorpeasantgirlfromthelowestclasshastosufferinthatage.Tessiscrushedeventuallybythesocietyinwhichshelives.ThroughdepictingTess’stragiclife，Hardy’

7、sdefianceagainstthestatusquoofVictorianEnglandisfierceandunrelenting.　　2.ConventionalFactors　　ThetragicstoryseemstobeaboutTess’sloveandmarriage，yet“whatHardyattacksinthenovelgoesmuchbeyondthesystemofmarriageinthehypocriticalbourgeoissociety”（Bready98）.Themarriageoftwopeoplefromdif

8、ferentclassesisunacceptableandthe