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1、subjunctivemoodGrammar--梁志玲1.英语动词有三种语气，陈述语气，祈使语气和虚拟语气。2.定义：用来表示说的话不是事实，或者是不可能发生或可能性比较小的情况，而是一种愿望，建议，假设的语气叫虚拟语气。它通过谓语动词的特殊形式来表示。一、虚拟语气定义Q:What’sthedifferencebetweenthetwosentences?IfIamfree,Iwillvisityou.IfIwereabird,Iwouldflyintothesky.（虚拟条件句）(真实条件句）a.if真实条件句表示条件是真的或有可
2、能实现的,采用陈述语气。b.if虚拟条件句表示对事实的相反的假设，或是虚拟的或几乎无法实现的,采用虚拟语气。Whatwouldyoudoifyouwonthelottery（彩票）?►IfIwonthelottery,Iwould…DiscussionIfIwonthelottery,Iwouldbuyanexpensivecar.1.与现在事实相反IfIweretheschoolmaster,Iwouldletthestudentsgetupalittlelater.schoolmaster总结if虚拟条件句主句与现在事实相反的假
3、设did（be动词用were)would(should/might/could)＋动原Ifhehaddrivenmorecarefully,hewouldnothavehadthecaraccidentyesterday.2.与过去事实相反Ifhehadgotupearly,hewouldnothavebeenlateforschool.如果他早起，他就不会上学迟到。if虚拟条件句主句与过去事实相反的假设had+donewould(should/might/could)＋havedone总结☆IfImetObamasomeday,I
4、wouldshakehandswithhim.☆IfIweretomeetObamasomeday,…☆IfIshouldmeetObamasomeday,…3.与将来事实相反if虚拟条件句主句与将来事实相反的假设1、did(be用were)2、weretodo3、shoulddowould(should/might/could)＋动原总结一般条件句中的虚拟语气时间If条件句主句过去现在将来if条件句中的虚拟语气时间If条件句主句过去haddonewouldshould+havedonesthcouldmight现在did（be用w
5、ere）wouldshould+dosthcouldmight将来did（be用were）shoulddoweretodowouldshould+dosthcouldMight高考链接一、语法填空：1.IfI________(not,see)itwithmyowneyes,Iwouldn'thavebelievedit.(2015.北京卷）2.Whydidn'tyoutellmeaboutyourtroublelastweek?Ifyou______(tell)me,Icouldhavehelped.(2016.北京卷）3.IfIh
6、adtimethisevening,I______(go)toyourbirthdayparty.4.Ifitshouldrain,thecrops_________(save).hadn'tseenhadtoldwouldgowouldbesaved二、单句改错：1.Ifyouareme,wouldyoutalktothem?(2015.四川卷）2.Iknownothingaboutthefilm.IfIknewaboutit,Iwilltellyou.3.Ifsheworkedhardenough,shewouldhavepas
7、sedtheEnglishexam.werewouldhad三、书面表达（2013.广东卷）对现在的虚拟1.假如我们的城市中没有清洁工，我们会生活在一个很糟糕的环境中。2.假如我们的城市中没有清洁工，我们会被垃圾淹没。3.假如我们的城市中没有清洁工，疾病会迅速传播。1.Ifthere were no cleaners in the city,wewouldliveinabad environment.2.Ifthere were no cleaners in the city,wewouldbedrownedintherubbish
8、.3.Ifthere were no cleaners in the city,diseaseswouldspreadquickly.Translation二、宾语从句中的虚拟语气1.Iwish+宾语从句现在：过去：将来：过去时(be
