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1、关闭Word文档返回原板块。一、科普知识类-1-二、广告宣传类-36-四、人物传记类-57-五、文化教育类-67-六、社会生活类-100-七、环境保护类-186-八、文学艺术类-202-考点3阅读理解一、科普知识类(2014·重庆卷·C)话题:生活 词数:259w 难度:★★★★ Theideaofbeingabletowalkonwaterhaslonginterestedhumansgreatly.Sadly,biologicalfactspreventuseveraccomplishingsu
2、chathingwithoutartificialaid—wesimplyweightoomuch,andallourmasspushesdownthroughourrelativelysmallfeet,resultinginalotofpressurethatmakesussink. However,severaltypesofanimalscanwalkonwater.OneofthemostinterestingisthecommonbasiliskBasilicusbasilicus,ali
3、zard(蜥蜴)nativetoCentralandSouthAmerica.Itcanrunacrosswaterforadistanceofseveralmeters,avoidinggettingwetbyrapidlyhittingthewater’ssurfacewithitsfeet.Thelizardwilltakeasmanyas20stepspersecondtokeepmovingforward.Forhumanstodothis,we’dneedhugefeetthatwecoul
4、dbringuptoourearsinordertocreateadequate“hitting”. Butfortunatelythereisanalternative:cornflour.Byaddingenoughofthiscommonthickeningagenttowater(anditdoestakealot),youcancreatea“non-Newtonian”liquidthatdoesn’tbehavelikenormalwater.Now,ifthesurfaceofthew
5、aterishithardenough,particles(粒子)inthewatergrouptogetherforamomenttomakethesurfacehard.Movequicklyenoughandputenoughforceintoeachstep,andyoureallycanwalkacrossthesurfaceofanadequatelythickliquidofcornflour. Funthoughallthismaysound,it’sstillrathermessya
6、ndbetterreadaboutintheorythancarriedoutinpractice.Ifyoumustdoit,thenkeepthewaterwingshandyincaseyoustarttosink—andtakeashowerafterward!【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。水上行走虽然非常有趣,从理论来说是可能的,但在实践中是不切实际的,这主要是由人体的局限性造成的。44.Walkingonwaterhasn’tbecomearealitymainlybecausehumans
7、 .A.arenotinterestedinitB.havebiologicallimitationsC.havenotinventedpropertoolsD.areafraidtomakeanattempt【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第一段中的Sadly,biologicalfactspreventuseveraccomplishingsuchathing...可知,水上行走不能实现是由人体的局限性造成的。45.WhatdoweknowaboutBasilicusbasilicusfromth
8、epassage?A.Itislightenoughtowalkonwater.B.Itshugefeetenableittostayabovewater.C.Itcanrunacrosswateratacertainspeed.D.Itsuniqueskinkeepsitfromgettingwetinwater.【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据第二段中的Itcanrunacrosswater...willtakeasmanyas20ste
