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1、ContentSchemaandEnglishReadingComprehensionAbstract:Schemaisusuallythegeneralknowledgestructureinmind,andtherearedifferentkindsofschemainreader’smind.Contentschemareferstothebackgroundknowledgeaboutthecontentareaofatext.Andthereader’scontentschemainmindhasgreatereffectsonEnglishcom
2、prehension.摘要：图式是存储在读者大脑中的知识框架，读者的大脑中有几种不同的图式，内容图式是其中的一种。内容图式指的是关于文章内容的背景知识。读者大脑中的内容图示对英语阅读理解产生极大影响。Keywords:schema;contentschema;Englishreadingcomprehension关键词：图示；内容图示；英语阅读理解1.SchemaThetermofschemawasproposedbyBartlett.Bartlett(1932)firstdefinesschemaas“anactiveorganizationofpassr
3、eactions,orpastexperience”whendiscussingthenatureofremembering.Inotherwords,aschemaisanabstractknowledgestructure.2.ClassificationsofschemaCarrell(1983)classifiedschemaintotwosub-schema:contentschemaandformalschema.Inordertogetabetterunderstandingontheroleofcontentschema,itisnecess
4、arytodrawadistinctionbetweencontentschemaandformalschema.2.1FormalschemaFormalschema,oftenknownastextualschemaorrhetoricalschema,canbedefinedas“backgroundknowledgeoftheformal,rhetoricalorganizationalstructuresofdifferenttypesoftexts”(CarrellandEsterhold1983).Itreferstotheorganizati
5、onalformsandrhetoricalstructuresofwrittentexts.2.2ContentschemaContentschemarefersto“backgroundknowledgeaboutthecontentareaofatext,suchastextaboutwashingclothes,celebratingNewYear’sEveinHawaiiorHalloweeninCarbondale,orabouttheeconomyofMexico,thehistoryofCanada,problemsofnuclearbree
6、derreactors,andsoforth”(CarrellandEsterhold1983).Theresearcheshavefoundoutthatreader’sfamiliaritywithatopicaffectshisunderstandingofthetextdirectlyandgreatly.Whenareaderreadsatextwhichisfamiliartohim,hecaneffectivelyactivatethepreviousknowledgeandbackgroundknowledgestoredinhismindt
7、osupporthimtomakepredictionsandinferencesabouttheincominginformation,andhetendstounderstandthetextwithease,evenwhenhe3meetswithsomeunacquaintedwordsandcomplicatedlongsentences.3.Thefunctionsofcontentschemainreadingcomprehension3.1AssimilatingtextinformationAschemaprovidesideational
8、scaffoldingforassimilating
