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时间:2018-04-07
《content schema and english reading comprehension 英语论文》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在学术论文-天天文库。
1、ContentSchemaandEnglishReadingComprehensionAbstract:Schemaisusuallythegeneralknowledgestructureinmind,andtherearedifferentkindsofschemainreader’smind.Contentschemareferstothebackgroundknowledgeaboutthecontentareaofatext.Andthereader’scontentschemainmindhasgreatereffectsonEnglishcomprehens
2、ion.摘要:图式是存储在读者大脑中的知识框架,读者的大脑中有几种不同的图式,内容图式是其中的一种。内容图式指的是关于文章内容的背景知识。读者大脑中的内容图示对英语阅读理解产生极大影响。Keywords:schema;contentschema;Englishreadingcomprehension关键词:图示;内容图示;英语阅读理解1.SchemaThetermofschemawasproposedbyBartlett.Bartlett(1932)firstdefinesschemaas“anactiveorganizationofpassreactions,orpas
3、texperience”whendiscussingthenatureofremembering.Inotherwords,aschemaisanabstractknowledgestructure.2.ClassificationsofschemaCarrell(1983)classifiedschemaintotwosub-schema:contentschemaandformalschema.Inordertogetabetterunderstandingontheroleofcontentschema,itisnecessarytodrawadistinction
4、betweencontentschemaandformalschema.2.1FormalschemaFormalschema,oftenknownastextualschemaorrhetoricalschema,canbedefinedas“backgroundknowledgeoftheformal,rhetoricalorganizationalstructuresofdifferenttypesoftexts”(CarrellandEsterhold1983).Itreferstotheorganizationalformsandrhetoricalstruct
5、uresofwrittentexts.2.2ContentschemaContentschemarefersto“backgroundknowledgeaboutthecontentareaofatext,suchastextaboutwashingclothes,celebratingNewYear’sEveinHawaiiorHalloweeninCarbondale,orabouttheeconomyofMexico,thehistoryofCanada,problemsofnuclearbreederreactors,andsoforth”(CarrellandE
6、sterhold1983).Theresearcheshavefoundoutthatreader’sfamiliaritywithatopicaffectshisunderstandingofthetextdirectlyandgreatly.Whenareaderreadsatextwhichisfamiliartohim,hecaneffectivelyactivatethepreviousknowledgeandbackgroundknowledgestoredinhismindtosupporthimtomakepredictionsandinferencesa
7、bouttheincominginformation,andhetendstounderstandthetextwithease,evenwhenhe4meetswithsomeunacquaintedwordsandcomplicatedlongsentences.3.Thefunctionsofcontentschemainreadingcomprehension3.1AssimilatingtextinformationAschemaprovidesideationalscaffoldingforassimilating
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