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1、WilliamButlerYeats叶芝简介1865-1939诗：Respondibilities责任;TheTower塔;TheWindingStair盘旋的楼梯名诗：ADeapSwornVow;Easter1916剧本：TheLandofHeart’sDesire理想的国土;TheHourGlass时漏;Dedidre黛德尔Autobiographies自传三部曲;EssaysandIntroductionbornJune13,1865,Sandymount,Dublin,Ire. diedJan.28,1939,Roquebrune-Cap-Martin,Fr.·Willi
2、amButlerYeats,c.1915.Irishpoet,dramatist,andprosewriter,oneofthegreatestEnglish-languagepoetsofthe20thcentury.HereceivedtheNobelPrizeforLiteraturein1923.Yeats'sfather,JohnButlerYeats,wasabarristerwhoeventuallybecameaportraitpainter.Hismother,formerlySusanPollexfen,wasthedaughterofaprosperousm
3、erchantinSligo,inwesternIreland.ThroughbothparentsYeatsclaimedkinshipwithvariousAnglo-IrishProtestantfamilieswhoarementionedinhiswork.Normally,YeatswouldhavebeenexpectedtoidentifywithhisProtestanttradition—whichrepresentedapowerfulminorityamongIreland'spredominantlyRomanCatholicpopulation—but
4、hedidnot.Indeed,hewasseparatedfrombothhistoricaltraditionsavailabletohiminIreland—fromtheRomanCatholics,becausehecouldnotsharetheirfaith,andfromtheProtestants,becausehefeltrepelledbytheirconcernformaterialsuccess.Yeats'sbesthope,hefelt,wastocultivateatraditionmoreprofoundthaneithertheCatholic
5、ortheProtestant—thetraditionofahiddenIrelandthatexistedlargelyintheanthropologicalevidenceofitssurvivingcustoms,beliefs,andholyplaces,morepaganthanChristian.In1867,whenYeatswasonlytwo,hisfamilymovedtoLondon,buthespentmuchofhisboyhoodandschoolholidaysinSligowithhisgrandparents.Thiscountry—itss
6、cenery,folklore,andsupernaturallegend—wouldcolourYeats'sworkandformthesettingofmanyofhispoems.In1880hisfamilymovedbacktoDublin,whereheattendedthehighschool.In1883heattendedtheMetropolitanSchoolofArtinDublin,wherethemostimportantpartofhiseducationwasinmeetingotherpoetsandartists.Meanwhile,Yeat
7、swasbeginningtowrite:hisfirstpublication,twobrieflyrics,appearedintheDublinUniversityReviewin1885.WhenthefamilymovedbacktoLondonin1887,Yeatstookupthelifeofaprofessionalwriter.HejoinedtheTheosophicalSociety,whosemysticismappealedtohimbecauseit
