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1、FRACTIONALSTATISTICS/r^ANDQUANTUMTHEORY2NDEDITIONFRACTIONALSTATTSTTCSj~ANDQUANTUMTHEORY2NDEDITION•AvinashKhareInstituteofPhysics,IndiafcWorldScientificNEWJERSEY•LONDON•SINGAPORE•BEIJING•SHANGHAI•HONGKONG•TAIPEI•CHENNAIPublishedbyWorldScientificPublishingCo.Pte.Ltd.5TohTuckLink,Singapor
2、e596224USAoffice:27WarrenStreet,Suite401-402,Hackensack,NJ07601UKoffice:57SheltonStreet,CoventGarden,LondonWC2H9HEBritishLibraryCataloguing-in-PublicationDataAcataloguerecordforthisbookisavailablefromtheBritishLibrary.FRACTIONALSTATISTICSANDQUANTUMTHEORY(2ndEdition)Copyright©2005byWorld
3、ScientificPublishingCo.Pte.Ltd.Allrightsreserved.Thisbook,orpartsthereof,maynotbereproducedinanyformorbyanymeans,electronicormechanical,includingphotocopying,recordingoranyinformationstorageandretrievalsystemnowknownortobeinvented,withoutwrittenpermissionfromthePublisher.Forphotocopying
4、ofmaterialinthisvolume,pleasepayacopyingfeethroughtheCopyrightClearanceCenter,Inc.,222RosewoodDrive,Danvers,MA01923,USA.Inthiscasepermissiontophotocopyisnotrequiredfromthepublisher.ISBN981-256-160-9PrintedinSingapore.DedicatedtoMyParentsTaiandLateBhaiyasahebPrefacetotheSecondEditionThen
5、eedforasecondeditionofthetext"FractionalStatisticsandQuan-tumTheory"hasgivenmeanopportunitytocorrectseveralmisprints,someerrorsandunclearformulationandafewinconsistenciesofnotation.IamspeciallygratefultoMukundaDasfordrawingmyattentiontosomeofthemaswellasformakingseveralusefulsuggestions
6、regardingtopicswhichcouldbeincludedinthesecondedition.IalsowouldliketothankMr.RajeevKapriandMr.VenkateshShenoiforhelpingmeinputtingeverythingtogetherproperly.Itisclearlyimpossibletokeepupwiththeexpandingliteratureonallthetopicscoveredinthebook.Onemajordevelopmentafterthefirsteditionofmy
7、bookhasbeenthepossibilityofquantumcomputationsusinganyons.Thisfieldisinitsinfancyanditisnotatallclearhowthisfieldwilldevelopinthecomingyears.Ihaveaddedasection(3.14)onquantumcomputingwithanyonswhereIhaveverybrieflydiscussedsomeofthekeyideasinvolved.Ihaveincludedanewsection(3.7)
