美国医疗保健制度------管理式医疗护理[外文翻译]

《美国医疗保健制度------管理式医疗护理[外文翻译]》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在应用文档-天天文库。

1、本科毕业设计（论文）外文翻译原文TheAmericanHealthCareSystem—ManagedCareAmerica'sprivateandpublicthird-partypayers,squeezedbyhealthcarecoststhatcontinuetosoaratrateswellaboveinflation,arepersuadedthat"managedcare"planswillproducedemonstrablesavingsascomparedwiththecurrentcosttrendsoftraditionalfee-for-ser

2、vicemedicine.Theyareacceleratingtheireffortstopromoteplansthatintegratethedeliveryandfinancingofcareandthatapplynewconstraintsonencountersbetweenphysiciansandpatients.Thekeyconstraintfordoctorsisthelimitationplacedontheautonomyoftheirclinicaldecisions.Theconstraintforpatientsistherequirem

3、entthattheyseeonlyphysicianswhoaremembersofaplan'sclosedorpartiallyopenpanelorwhoareselectedas"preferred"practitioners.Ingeneral,thesedoctorshaveagreedtodeliveronly"necessary"medicalservicesinreturnforprescribedfees.Mostdefinitionscharacterizemanagedcareasasystemthatintegratesthefinancing

4、anddeliveryofappropriatemedicalcarebymeansofthefollowingfeatures:contractswithselectedphysiciansandhospitalsthatfurnishacomprehensivesetofhealthcareservicestoenrolledmembers,usuallyforapredeterminedmonthlypremium;utilizationandqualitycontrolsthatcontractingprovidersagreetoaccept;financial

5、incentivesforpatientstousetheprovidersandfacilitiesassociatedwiththeplan;andtheassumptionofsomefinancialriskbydoctors,thusfundamentallyalteringtheirrolefromservingasagentforthepatient'swelfaretobalancingthepatient'sneedsagainsttheneedforcostcontrol—or,asMechanicputitsuccinctly,moving"from

6、advocacytoallocation."Becausethesefeaturescircumscribethefreedomofphysicianstopracticemedicineautonomously,theyreceivedecidedlymixedreviewsfromdoctors.Nevertheless,atleasthalfofallpracticingphysicianshavebecomeinvolvedinatleastonemanagedcarearrangement,andtheyhaveacceptedthetrade-offoflow

7、erfeesforaguaranteedflowofpatients.TherealityisthatthisnewmodelhasrapidlyemergedasadominantoneintheAmericanhealthcaresystem.Atthesametimeasthesenewnetworksaredeveloping,someexistinglargemultispecialtygrouppracticesthatpreviouslytreatedpatientsonlyonatraditionalfee-f