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1、NBERWORKINGPAPERSERIESTHEROLEOFTHEORYINFIELDEXPERIMENTSDavidCardStefanoDellaVignaUlrikeMalmendierWorkingPaper17047http://www.nber.org/papers/w17047NATIONALBUREAUOFECONOMICRESEARCH1050MassachusettsAvenueCambridge,MA02138May2011Wethankforhelpfulcommentstheeditors,aswellasOrianaBa
2、ndiera,IwanBarankay,GlennHarrison,MatthewRabin,DavidReiley,andparticipantsinBerkeley,attheWhartonConferenceonFieldExperiment,andatthe2011ASSAconferenceinDenver.WethankIvanBalbuzanov,XiaoyuXia,andaverydedicatedgroupofundergraduatestudentsforexcellentresearchassistance.Theviewsex
3、pressedhereinarethoseoftheauthorsanddonotnecessarilyreflecttheviewsoftheNationalBureauofEconomicResearch.©2011byDavidCard,StefanoDellaVigna,andUlrikeMalmendier.Allrightsreserved.Shortsectionsoftext,nottoexceedtwoparagraphs,maybequotedwithoutexplicitpermissionprovidedthatfullcre
4、dit,including©notice,isgiventothesource.TheRoleofTheoryinFieldExperimentsDavidCard,StefanoDellaVigna,andUlrikeMalmendierNBERWorkingPaperNo.17047May2011JELNo.C9,C93ABSTRACTWeproposeanewclassificationofexperimentsthatcapturestheextenttowhichtheexperimentaldesignandanalysisarelink
5、edtoeconomictheory.Wethenusethissystemtoclassifyallpublishedfieldexperimentsinthefivetopeconomicsjournalsfrom1975to2010.Wefindthatthevastmajorityoffieldexperiments(68%)areDescriptivestudiesthatlackanyexplicitmodel;18%areSingleModelstudiesthattestasinglemodel-basedhypothesis;6%a
6、reCompetingModelsstudiesthattestcompetingmodel-basedhypotheses;and8%areParameterEstimationstudiesthatestimatestructuralparametersinacompletelyspecifiedmodel.Usingthesamesystemtoclassifylaboratoryexperimentspublishedoverthesameperiod,wefindthateconomictheoryhasplayedamorecentral
7、roleinthelaboratorythaninthefield.Finally,wediscussindetailthreesetsoffieldexperiments,ongiftexchange,oncharitablegiving,andonnegativeincometax,thatillustrateboththebenefitsandthepotentialcostsofatighterlinkbetweenexperimentaldesignandtheoreticalunderpinnings.DavidCardUlrikeMal
8、mendierDepartmentofEconomicsDepartmentofEconomics549Ev
