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1、Atomicclocktransitionsinsilicon-basedspinqubitsGaryWolfowicz,1,2,AlexeiM.Tyryshkin,3RichardE.George,1HelgeRiemann,4NikolaiV.Abrosimov,4PeterBecker,5Hans-JoachimPohl,6MikeL.W.Thewalt,7StephenA.Lyon,3andJohnJ.L.Morton1,8,y1LondonCentreforNanotechnology,Universi
2、tyCollegeLondon,LondonWC1H0AH,UK2Dept.ofMaterials,OxfordUniversity,OxfordOX13PH,UK3Dept.ofElectricalEngineering,PrincetonUniversity,Princeton,NewJersey08544,USA4InstituteforCrystalGrowth,Max-BornStrasse2,D-12489Berlin,Germany5Physikalisch-TechnischeBundesansta
3、lt,D-38116Braunschweig,Germany6VitconProjectconsultGmbH,07745Jena,Germany7Dept.ofPhysics,SimonFraserUniversity,Burnaby,BritishColumbiaV5A1S6,Canada8Dept.ofElectronic&ElectricalEngineering,UniversityCollegeLondon,LondonWC1E7JE,UK(Dated:January29,2013)Amajorchal
4、lengeinusingspinsinthesolidstateforquantumtechnologiesisprotectingthemfromsourcesofdecoherence.Thiscanbeaddressed,tovaryingdegrees,byimprovingmaterialpurityorisotopiccomposition[1,2]forexample,oractiveerrorcorrectionmethodssuchasdynamicdecoupling[3,4],orevenco
5、mbinationsofthetwo[5,6].However,apowerfulmethodappliedtotrappedionsinthecontextoffrequencystandardsandatomicclocks[7,8],istheuseofparticularspintransitionswhichareinherentlyrobusttoexternalperturbations.Hereweshowthatsuch`clocktransitions'(CTs)canbeobservedfor
6、electronspinsinthesolidstate,inparticularusingbismuthdonorsinsilicon[9,10].Thisleadstodramaticenhancementsintheelectronspincoherencetime,exceedingseconds.We ndthatelectronspinqubitsbasedonCTsbecomelesssensitivetothelocal29magneticenvironment,includingthepresen
7、ceofSinuclearspinsasfoundinnaturalsilicon.WeexpecttheuseofsuchCTswillbeofadditionalimportancefordonorspinsinfuturedevices[11],mitigatingthee ectsofmagneticorelectric eldnoisearisingfromnearbyinterfaces.Outofthevariouscandidatesforsolidstatequbits,NuclearspinCT
8、sinrare-earthdopants(nuclearspinsspinshavebeenofparticularinterestduetotheirrel-I>5=2)havebeenstudiedinthecontextofopticalquan-ativerobustnesstodecoherencecomparedtootherde-tummemo
