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1、Chapter2TermsInvolvedinThisStudyChapter2TermsInvolvedinThisStudyThecurrentstudyhassomethingtodowiththefieldofESPandIVA.Inordertounderstandthesignificanceofthisstudyclearly,theauthorintroducestheinformationaboutESP,academicvocabulary,technicalvocabulary,acquisition,learningincidentallearn
2、ing,intentionallearning,incidentalvocabularyacquisitionandintentionalvocabularylearning.Alltheinformationpresentedinthischapterclearsthegroundofthisstudyanddevotestotheunderstandingofwholestudy.2.1EnglishforspecificpurposesInthe1950sand1960s,thegrowthofscienceandtechnologyandtheincreaseo
3、finternationalbusinesscontributedtotheESPmovement.HutchinsonandWatersshow[5]threereasonsfortheoriginofESP:thenewdevelopmentofworldeconomy,thelinguisticsrevolution,andthenewdevelopmentofeducationalpsychology.LearnerswanttomasterEnglish,notforthepleasureorprestigeofknowingthelanguage,butfo
4、rthenecessityofkeepingupwithinternationalcurrenciesoftechnologyandcommerce.So,teachersorprogramdesignerscametoknowthataliterary,humanities-basedlanguageeducationwasnotsuitableforlearnerswhowereinterestedinacademicandprofessionalknowledge.Inthelater1960s,ESPwasdevelopedintoadisciplineconc
5、erninglearners’differentneedsandinterests.Nowadays,ESPhasbecomepopularinlanguagelearningandteachingaroundtheworld.HallidayandMcintoshdefineESPasEnglishforcivilservants,forpolicemen,forofficialsofthelaw,fordoctorsandnurses,forspecialistsinagriculture,for[6]engineersandfitters.Themostinflu
6、entialdefinitionofESPisproposedbyHutchinsonandWaterswhoinsistthatESPreferstoEnglishrelevanttothecertain[5]occupationordiscipline.Itisalsodefinedasanapproachtolanguagelearningand[5]teachingwhichaimstomeettheneedsofparticularlearners.Forexample,MedicalEnglish,DigitalControlEnglish,TourismE
7、nglish,andsoon.ESPhasundergonethreemainphasesofdevelopmentfromitsearlybeginninginthe1960sanditisnow[5]inafourthphasewithafifthphasestartingtoemerge.Thestagesofdevelopmentareregisteranalysis,rhetoricalordiscourseanalysis,targetsituationanalysis,skills-centeredapproach.Thef
