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1、中国生态农业学报2014年8月第22卷第8期ChineseJournalofEco-Agriculture,Aug.2014,22(8):880−885DOI:10.13930/j.cnki.cjea.140715水安全与粮食安全康绍忠(中国农业大学中国农业水问题研究中心北京100083)摘要水安全是粮食安全的基础,实现农业水资源的高效利用是保障水安全和粮食安全的根本途径。本文阐述了水安全与粮食安全的概念;分析了全球及我国水安全与粮食安全现状和未来形势;辨析了粮食安全的水资源保障战略的构成要素及我国节水
2、农业的发展重点;并就粮食生产的水资源高效利用、水资源高效配置与调控、农业水资源消耗的生态环境效应以及应对旱涝极端气候等进行了讨论,进而对主要科学问题进行了归纳,包括作物理想耗水与多过程协同调控机制、强人类活动下灌区多尺度水循环与伴生过程、粮食生产−水资源−生态过程的互馈机制以及农业旱涝致灾机理与预警机制。关键词水安全粮食安全农业水资源高效利用科学问题中图分类号:P349;S274文献标识码:A文章编号:1671-3990(2014)08-0880-06Towardswaterandfoodsecurit
3、yinChinaKANGShaozhong(CenterforAgriculturalWaterResearchinChina,ChinaAgriculturalUniversity,Beijing100083,China)AbstractSustainedsupplyofsufficientwaterresourcesandqualityfoodisessentialforthecontinuityofhumanbeingsociety.Watersecurityisfundamentalforfoo
4、dsecurity.Continuouslyincreasingtheutilizationefficiencyofagriculturalwaterresourcesistheonlywaytoensurefuturewaterandfoodsecurity.Thispaperfocusedonthebasicissuesofwaterandfoodsecurity,includingthedefinitions,presentandfuturestatesatglobalandnationalsca
5、les,waterresourcessupportingstrategiesfornationalfoodsecurity,anddevelopmentofwater-savingagricultureinChina.Thekeyissuesofwaterandfoodsecuritywerereviewedanddiscussed,includingefficientcropwaterconsumption,high-efficiencycontrolandmanagementofwaterresou
6、rces,ecologicalandenvironmentaleffectsofagriculturalwaterconsumptionprocessesandresponsestofloodanddroughtevents.Thenfourmajorresearchfieldsweresummarized,including:1)idealcropwaterconsumptionmechanismsandmulti-processsynergycontrolmechanisms,2)multi-sca
7、lewatercycleandaccompanyingprocessesatirrigationdistrictscaleswithhighlyintensivehumanactivity,3)mutualfeedbackmechanismsoffoodproduction-waterresources-ecologicalprocesssystems,and4)disaster-causingmechanismsandearly-warningmechanismsofagriculturaldroug
8、htandflooddisasters.KeywordsWatersecurity;Foodsecurity;Agro-waterresources;Efficientutilization;Scientificissue(ReceivedApr.24,2014;acceptedApr.25,2014)水资源的可持续利用与粮食安全保障是人类社找准农业水资源高效利用的核心问题,明晰粮食生会持续发展的最基本支撑点。但水资源紧缺是一个世产中不同尺
