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1、AmericanLiterature:LiteraryErasandAuthorsLecture11WaltWhitmanAmericanLiterature(I)Autumn2008WaltWhitmanIhearAmericasinging…AmericanLiterature(I)Autumn2008WaltWhitman:TheTrueVoiceofAmericansassumev.假定；设想atomn.原子(诗中暗指人是由相同的物质构成)loafv.游荡；闲混spearn.(草的)叶片lawofnature天理。天理的存在是近代
2、西方民主思想体系的支柱之一,其主要含义是,天理高于君权,天理的基本原则是人人生而平等。LeavesofGrass《草叶集》。惠特曼创作的全部诗歌都收集在此诗集中。1855年初版时仅有诗歌l2篇,惠特曼去世那年出版的第九版中有诗歌400多篇。freeverse自由诗体rhymev.押韵SongofMyself“自我之歌”,《草叶集》中的一首长诗,被认为是惠特曼的最佳诗作。dispositionn.气质；意向rememberancern.纪念品；提醒物transpirev.发生filthn.污秽denouncev.谴责、痛斥whinev.哀诉
3、dementedn.痴呆的；精神错乱的manian.疯狂；狂热arrayofterms大量的言语pismiren.蚂蚁wrenn.鹪鹩odorlessa.无气味的undisguiseda.不掩饰的；公开的nakeda.裸露的respirationn.呼吸inspirationn.鼓舞；灵感homosexuala.同性恋的abasev.贬低transparenta.透明的；半透明的athwartad.横跨bosom-bonen.胸骨plungev.(使)投入civilwar内战unionn.联邦；工会(be)swornin(总统)宣誓就职i
4、naugurationn.(美国)总统就职WhenLilacsLastintheDooryardBloom’d“当紫丁香最近在庭院中开放的时候”(惠特曼悼念林肯总统的著名诗歌)droopv.低垂；下落mournv.哀悼coffinn.棺材sprign.小枝whitelocks白发bequeathv.遗赠WaltWhitman:TheTrueVoiceofAmericansQuestionsforComprehensionandDiscussion1.Doyouagreewiththeideathat“WaltWhitmanbecameap
5、oetalmostovernight?”Whyorwhynot?2.Inhispoems.Whitmancelebratesthecommonpeopleandhealsoregardsgrassasasignofeverlastinglife.Arethereanylinksbetweenthetwo--peopleandgrass?3.WhileWhitmanwasseenbytheBritishastheoutstandingvoiceofthenewworld,fewAmericansrecognizedhisgreatness.
6、Whywastheresuchastrikingcontrastthen?Whyweremanygreatwritersnotfullyappreciatedwhiletheywerealive?Writedownyouranswerwithsupportingexamples,andthenairyouropinionintheclass.AmericanLiterature(I)Autumn2008“Icelebratemyself…”WaltWhitmanwasbornMay31,1819onSouthHuntington,Long
7、Island,NewYork.Hewasalmostentirelyself-educated,especiallyadmiringtheworkofDante,Shakespeare,andHomer.Hismotherdescribedhimas“verygood,butverystrange”.Hisbrotherdescribedhimasbeing“stubborner[sic]thanaloadofbricks.”AmericanLiterature(I)Autumn2008CareerApprenticedtoaprinte
8、r.Taughtschoolat17.EditorofTheBrooklynEagle,arespectednewspaper,butwasfiredforhisoutspokenopposi
