[经济学]国际贸易ch

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1、Chapter5Heckscher-OhlinTheory5.1AssumptionoftheTheory5.2TheModel5.3Factor-PriceEqualizationTheory5.4TheLeontiefParadox9/1/20211华中科技大学经济学院刘海云Chapter5Heckscher-OhlinTheoryExplainthebasisofcomparativeadvantageAnalyzetheeffectthatinternationalTradehasontheearning

2、soffactorsofproductioninthetwotradingnations.9/1/20212华中科技大学经济学院刘海云5.1AssumptionoftheTheoryandthemeaning1.Therearetwonations(Nation1andNation2),twocommodities(commodityXandcommodityY),andtwofactorsofproduction(laborandcapital).2.Bothnationsusethesametechnolog

3、yinproduction.9/1/20213华中科技大学经济学院刘海云5.1AssumptionoftheTheoryandthemeaning3.CommodityXislaborintensiveandcommodityYiscapitalintensiveinbothnations.CommodityXrequiresrelativelymorelabortoproducethancommodityYinbothnations.Thatis,labor-capitalratio(L/K)ishigherf

4、orcommodityXthanforcommodityYinbothnationsatthesamerelativefactorprice.9/1/20214华中科技大学经济学院刘海云5.1AssumptionoftheTheoryandthemeaning4.Bothcommoditiesareproducedunderconstantreturnstoscaleinbothnations.5.Thereisincompletespecializationinproductioninbothnations.6

5、.Tastesareequalinbothnations.9/1/20215华中科技大学经济学院刘海云5.1AssumptionoftheTheoryandthemeaning7.Thereisperfectcompetitioninbothcommoditiesandfactormarketsinbothnations.8.Thereisperfectfactormobilitywithineachnationbutnointernationalfactormobility.9/1/20216华中科技大学经济学

6、院刘海云5.1AssumptionoftheTheoryandthemeaning9.Therearenotransportationcosts,tariffs,orotherobstructionstothefreeflowofinternationaltrade.10.Allresourcesarefullyemployedinbothnations.11.Internationaltradebetweenthetwonationsisbalanced.9/1/20217华中科技大学经济学院刘海云5.2Fac

7、torIntensity,FactorAbundanceandtheshapeoftheproductionFrontier5.2.1FactorIntensityWesaythatcommodityYiscapitalintensiveifcapital-laborratio(K/L)usedintheproductionofYisgreaterthanK/LusedintheproductionofX.9/1/20218华中科技大学经济学院刘海云9/1/20219华中科技大学经济学院刘海云5.2.2Facto

8、rAbundanceTherearetwowaystodefinefactorabundance.Onewayisintermsofphysicalunits(i.e.,intermsoftheoverallamountofcapitalandlaboravailabletoeachnation).Anotherwaytodefinefactorabundanceisin