《专业英语阅读》PPT课件

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1、Unit2ReactionEngineeringMay25th,2011YingXiaoguangLesson1ReactorTypes1StirredtankreactorAbatchstirredtankreactoristhesimplesttypeofreactor. Itiscomposedofareactorandamixersuchasastirrer,aturbinewingorapropeller.Thebatchstirredtankreactorisillustratedbelow:['enzaim]Thebatchsystemisgenerallysuitablefo

2、rtheproductionofrathersmallamountsofchemicals.Acontinuousstirredtankreactorisshownbelow.Thecontinuousstirredtankreactorismoreefficientthanabatchstirredtankreactorbutthe equipmentisslightlymorecomplicated.2TubularReactorTubularreactorsaregenerallyusedforgaseousreactions,butarealsosuitableforsomeliqui

3、d-phasereactions.Ifhighheat-transferratesarerequired,small-diametertubesareusedtoincreasethesurfaceareatovolumeratio.Severaltubesmaybearrangedinparallel,connectedtoamanifold(多支管)orfittedintoatubesheetinasimilararrangementtoashellandtubeheatexchanger.Forhigh-temperaturereactionsthetubesmaybearrangedi

4、nafurnace.3FluidizedbedReactorAfluidizedbedreactor(FBR)isatypeofreactordevicethatcanbeusedtocarryoutavarietyofmultiphasechemicalreactions.Inthistypeofreactor,afluid(gasorliquid)ispassedthroughagranularsolidmaterial(usuallyacatalystpossiblyshapedastinyspheres)athighenoughvelocitiestosuspendthesolidan

5、dcauseittobehaveasthoughitwereafluid.Thisprocess,knownasfluidization,impartsmanyimportantadvantagestotheFBR.Asaresult,thefluidizedbedreactorisnowusedinmanyindustrialapplications.Unit3BiochemistryBiochemistryisthestudyofthechemicalprocessesinlivingorganisms.Itdealswiththestructureandfunctionofcellula

6、rcomponents,suchasproteins,carbohydrates,lipids,nucleicacids,andotherbiomolecules.Thetermcarbohydratereflectsthefactthatmanyofthecompoundsinthiscategoryhavetheempiricalformula(经验式)CH2O.Carbohydratesaretheprimarysourceoffoodenergyformostlivingsystems.Theyincludesimplesugarssuchasglucose(C6H12O6)andsu

7、crose(C12H22O11)aswellaspolymersofthesesugarssuchasstarch,glycogen,andcellulose.CarbohydratesareproducedfromCO2andH2Oduringphotosynthesisandarethereforetheendproductsoftheprocessbywhichplantscaptureth