英美文学概况十七世纪：转折时期(1625-1688)

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1、EnglishLiteratureduringtheEnglishBourgeoisRevolutionandtheRestoration(1625-1688)PoliticalbackgroundTheinterminglingconflictswithinrulingclassesThebreakoutofcivilwarin1640OliverCromwell’sRepublicEnglandTheRestorationofMonarchyin1660StuartAbsolutisminthereig

2、nofCharlesIIandJamesIIGloriousRevolutionin16882.IdeologicalbackgroundofEnglishLiteratureIdeologicalconflicts:AffirmationofdivinerightofthekingLimitationoftheabsoluterightofkingbyparliamentAbolitionofmonarchyandtheestablishmentofrepublicanismReligiousconflic

3、t:TheAnglicanchurchVSthePuritansPhilosopher:JohnLocke(1632-1704)3.MajorLiteraryFiguresJohnDryden(1631-1700)JohnBunyan(1628-1688)JohnMilton(1608-1674)Apoet-dramatist-prosewriter“ThefatherofEnglishcriticismTheforerunnerofneo-classicismAnEssayofDramaticPoesyTh

4、ePilgrim’sProgressHisidentities:APuritanAstaunchfighterforlibertyinpolitics,religion,education,marriageandalltheothersocialfieldsApoetAprosewriterALatinSecretary:apamphleteerindefenseofEnglishbourgeoisrevolutionAnepicwriterAdramatistJohnMiltonandhisliterary

5、accomplishmentsHisliterarycreations:Proseworks:AreopagiticaPamphlets:OftheTenureofKingsandMagistratesTheDefenseoftheEnglishPeopleTheSecondDefenseoftheEnglishPeopleTheReadyandEasyWayEpics:ParadiseLostParadiseRegainedVerseTragedySamsonAgonistesNomanwhoknowsau

6、ghtcanbesostupidtodenythatallmennaturallywerebornfree.----OfPrelaticalEpiscopacyExtractsfromMilton’sworksGoodandevilweknowinthefieldoftheworldgrowuptogetheralmostinseparately;andtheknowledgeofgoodissoinvolvedandinterwovenwiththeknowledgeofevil,andinsomanycu

7、nningresemblanceshardlytobediscerned.Givemethelibertytoknow,toutter,andtoarguefreelyaccordingtoconscience,aboveallliberties.----AreopagiticaIsawthatawaywasopeningfortheestablishmentofrealliberty;thatthefoundationwaslayingforthedeliveranceofmanfromtheyokeofs

8、laveryandsuperstition;…----TheSecondDefenceoftheEnglishPeopleExtractsfromMilton’sworksItbeingmanifest,thatthepowerofkingsandmagistratesisnothingelsebutwhatisonlyderivative,transferred,andcommittedtothe