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1、InthepostColdWarworldfewarticleshaveinfluencedhowwesternpolicymakersviewtheworldmorethanSamuelHuntington’s1993article,“theclashofcivilization.”Suggestingthattheworldwasreturningtoacivilizationdominatedworldwherefutureconflictswouldoriginatefromclashesbet
2、ween‘civilizations,’thetheoryhasbeenbroadlycriticizedforoversimplification,ignoringlocalconflictandforincorrectlypredictingwhathashappenedinthedecadesinceitspublication.TheclaimmadebymanythatSeptemberthe11thhasvindicatedHuntingtonissimplynotsupportedbyth
3、eevidence.Clash冲突Civilization文明,文化Oversimplification过度单纯化Claim主张,断言Vindicate澄清(某人/某事物)受到的责难或嫌疑Huntington’sthesisoutlinesafuturewherethe“greatdivisionamonghumankindandthedominatingsourceofconflictwillbecultural.”Hedividestheworld’sculturesintosevencurrent
4、civilizations,western,latin,American,Confucian,Japanese,HinduandSlavic-Orththodox.InadditionhejudgedAfricaonlyasapossiblecivilizationdependingonhowfaroneviewsthedevelopmentofanAfricanconsciousnesshaddeveloped.Thesecivilizationsseemtobedefinedprimarilybyr
5、eligionwithanumberofadhocexceptions.Thesis论题,命题,论点Dominate控制,支配,统治,左右,影响Consciousness意识,观念,觉悟,看法Primarily主要地,首要地;本来Exception例外，不包括在内的人adhoc特别的Huntingtonpredictsconflictsoccurringbetweenstatesfromdifferentcivilizationsforcontrolinternationalinstitutionsan
6、dforeconomicandmilitarypower.Heviewsthismixofconflictsasnormalbyassertingthatnation-statesareanewphenomenoninaworlddominatedformostofhistorybyconflictsbetweencivilizations.Thisisadubiousstatementastheinter-civilizationalconflictdrivenmainlybygeo-politica
7、lratherthanculturaldifferencesisanequallyifnotmorepersuasivewaytoviewmuchofhistory.State1.形态，结构，态2.国家,政府Military军事的,军用的;军人的；武装的Assert1.声称,断言Phenomenon1.现象Dubious半信半疑的,可疑的Persuasive有说服力的Thetheoryatleastdifferentiatesbetweennon-Westerncivilizationrathertha
8、ngroupingthemtogether.Healsoexplainshowthewestpresentspro-westernpoliciesaspositivefortheentireworldandtheveryideaofauniversalcultureisawesternidea.However,hisescapefromaEurocentricbiasisonlytemporary.Hecompletelyfailstoac
