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1、Strength,力量Stiffness,硬度Stabilityandbuckling,稳定和屈曲Axialtension/compression,轴向拉/压Normalstress,正应力Normalstrain,正应变Shearstress,剪应力Shearstrain,剪应变Stressesoninclinedsection45oaboutx-axis,与X轴成45度的斜截面上的应力Extensometer,伸长计Modulusofelasticity(Young'smodulus),弹性模量（杨氏模量）Poisson’sratio,泊松比True
2、stress,真应力necking,颈缩Linearelastic,线弹性Prismatic/Nonprismaticbeams，恒/变截面梁Proportionallimit,比例极限Elasticlimit,弹性极限Yielding,屈服Yieldstress,屈服应力Offsetstress,屈服极限Ultimatestress,极限应力Plastic/residualstrain,塑性形变Percentelongation,延长率Percentreductioninarea,截面收缩率Creep,蠕变Relaxation,松弛Workharden
3、ing,硬化阶段Unloadandreload,卸载和重载Stressconcentration,应力集中Allowablestresses,许用应力Factorofsafety,安全因素Failureformfordifferentkindofmaterialsintension,不同材料受拉时的失效形式Compression,andtorsion,压缩和拉伸Shearingandbearing,剪切和轴承Axialrigidity,拉压刚度Equationofcompatibility,协调方程Shearmodulusofelasticity,弹性剪
4、切模量Equalityofshearstresses,Shearstrain,剪切应力应变方程Pureshear,纯剪切Hooke’slaw,胡克定律Isotropic,各向同性Anisotropic,各向异性Orthotropic,正交各向异性Torsion,Torque,扭转，扭矩Shaft,杆Torsionalrigidity,拉伸刚度Nonuniformtorsion,非均匀扭转Angleoftwist,扭转角Purebending，纯弯曲Bendingforceandbendingmoment,弯力和弯矩NeutralsurfaceandNeu
5、tralaxis,中性面和中性轴Typeofbeam,梁的形式Normalstressinbeam,梁的正应力Maximumnormalstressinbeam,梁的最大正应力Curvatureofneutralsurface,中性面的曲率Momentofinertia,转动惯量Sectionmodulus,截面模量Fullystressedbeam,全受力梁Planeassumptionusedintension/torsion/bending,拉伸/扭转/弯曲平面假设Nonuniformbending,不均匀弯曲Stressstate,应力状态Max
6、imumshearstress,最大剪应力Planestress,平面应力Planestrain,平面应变Mohr’scircle,摩尔圆Principalstress,主应力CombinedLoading,混合载荷Angleofrotation,旋转角Deflectioncurve,挠度曲线Failurecriteria,失效准则GeneralizeHooke’slaw,广义胡克定律Compositebeam,复合梁Eccentricaxialloads,偏心载荷Criticalsectionandcriticalpoint,危险截面和危险点Steps
7、fordeterminingthecriticalsection,Slendernessratio,长度与直径比Effective-lengthfactor,有效长度系数Criticalload,危险载荷Straingage,应变仪Stepsfordeterminingthecriticalloads,确定危险载荷的步骤Boundarycondition,边界条件Continuitycondition.连续条件
