英美社会文化要点总结

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1、英语国家社会与文化要点1  .J.HectorSt.JohndeCrevecoeuristhefirstimportantAmericanauthortoaskthequestion,"WhatisanAmerican?”Heisanewman,leavingbehindallhisancientprejudicesandreceivesnewmannersfromthenewmodeoflife.2  theconcept  of  melting  pot.Itreferstoasocietywithpeopleofdifferentcu

2、ltures,races,andreligionscombinedtogethertoformamulti-ethnicsociety(多民族社会)andeachgroupofpeopleretain(保持)theirownintegrity(完整性)andflavor.3.a  new  landthe  first  fromAisa  TheyareearliestsettlersofAmerica(美洲最早的定居者)andancestorsofNativeAmericans.(印第安人的祖先)the  secondformEurope

3、andAfirica3.Changesinthe16thand17thCentury(1)the  Developmentofbourgeoisandcapitalism(2)the  Renaissance(3the  ReligiousReformation4.MartinLuther’sBeliefManisbornsinful.(OriginalSin原罪)ManhavedirectrelationwithGod,notthroughChurchorPope.TheonlyguidetoGodisBible.Mancanbesaved

4、byreadingBible.5.CalvinismJohnCalvin:FrenchProtestantReformerCalvinism:加尔文主义            TotalDepravity    完全堕落LimitedAtonement  有限拯救Unconditional  Election  无条件选择Hardworkandgetwealth5.Henry  VIIIandChurchofEngland6.TheSettlementinVirginiatheynamedaftertheirking andbegaintob

5、uildaJamestown. ThecolonistssettledinVirginiaandsurvivedbyimposingstrictdisciplineonthemselvesandbytransplantingtobaccointothecolonyofVirginia.(Johnrolfewasthefirstmantoplant tobacco)7. TwoGreatEventsinVirginiaIn1619,thesettlerselectedtheirdelegates（代表）andsetuptheHouseofBur

6、gesses(市民议会).In1619，aDutchshipsenttwentyblackpeopletoVirginiaasservants.StartingpointsofAmericanDemocracyandSlaverySystem8.PuritanNewEnglandNewEngland:thesixstatesinNortheasternAmerica.Massachusetts马萨诸塞州,Connecticut,康涅狄格州，NewHampshire新罕布什尔州,Vermont佛蒙特州,Maine缅因,andRhodeIslan

7、d罗德岛州KinghenryVIIIcutoffthe political relationshipwithPopeinRomeand setuptheChurchof England,buttherewasreforminreligiousbeliefsandpratices9.PuritanDoctrines.(1):GodisincomprehensibletoMan.(上帝不可知论)(2)：HumanispredestinedbyGod. (人命天定论)(3)：SuccessofcallingissignofGod’select. (

8、事业成功说)(4): IndividualcancontactGoddirectlybyBible.(天人相通说)10.PilgrimFathers(清教先驱)　P