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1、社会人类学任课教师：冷凤彩教室：D202（周一）D506（周五）第一讲课程介绍及概论一、课程性质及课时公共必修课，32课时二、课程学习要求成绩=平时成绩+作业+卷面成绩三、授课内容书本知识+案例四、教材主要参考书：朱炳祥：社会人类学，武汉大学出版社2009年版辅助教材:阿兰•巴兰德（王建民等译）：人类学历史与理论，华夏出版社，2006年版五、授课结构历史建构理论古典进化论、传播学派、历史特殊论派、新进化论整体分析理论法国社会学派、功能主义学派、结构主义人类学象征人类学、解释人类学意义探求理论亲属制度经济政治宗教理论流派研究领域导论文化变迁研究方法文化变迁田野工作社会人类学结构图六、导论（一）
2、什么是人类学Anthropos+logos=anthropology1501年出现德国学者亨德人体解剖结构和生理19世纪之前=体质人类学19世纪之后：体质（生物）人类学(biological/physicalanthropology)、语言(linguisticanthropology)、社会—文化人类学(socioculturalanthropology)、考古学(archaeology)Anthropologyisthestudyofhumans,pastandpresent.Tounderstandthefullsweepandcomplexityofculturesacrossall
3、ofhumanhistory,anthropologydrawsandbuildsuponknowledgefromthesocialandbiologicalsciencesaswellasthehumanitiesandphysicalsciences.Acentralconcernofanthropologistsistheapplicationofknowledgetothesolutionofhumanproblems.Historically,anthropologistsintheUnitedStateshavebeentrainedinoneoffourareas:socio
4、culturalanthropology,biological/physicalanthropology,archaeology,andlinguistics.Anthropologistsoftenintegratetheperspectivesofseveraloftheseareasintotheirresearch,teaching,andprofessionallives.SocioculturalAnthropologySocioculturalanthropologistsexaminesocialpatternsandpracticesacrosscultures,witha
5、specialinterestinhowpeopleliveinparticularplacesandhowtheyorganize,govern,andcreatemeaning.Ahallmarkofsocioculturalanthropologyisitsconcernwithsimilaritiesanddifferences,bothwithinandamongsocieties,anditsattentiontorace,sexuality,class,gender,andnationality.Researchinsocioculturalanthropologyisdist
6、inguishedbyitsemphasisonparticipantobservation,whichinvolvesplacingoneselfintheresearchcontextforextendedperiodsoftimetogainafirst-handsenseofhowlocalknowledgeisputtoworkingrapplingwithpracticalproblemsofeverydaylifeandwithbasicphilosophicalproblemsofknowledge,truth,power,andjustice.Topicsofconcern
7、tosocioculturalanthropologistsincludesuchareasashealth,work,ecologyandenvironment,education,agricultureanddevelopment,andsocialchange.Biological(orPhysical)AnthropologyBiologicalanthropologistsseektounderst
