Near-Field Optics and Surface Plasmon Polaritons英文学习材料

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1、Near-FieldOpticsandtheSurfacePlasmonPolaritonDieterW.PohlInstitutf¨urPhysik,Universit¨atBaselKlingelbergstrasse82,4056Basel,SwitzerlandDieter.Pohl@unibas.chAbstract.Thehistoryofresearchinsurfaceplasmonpolaritionsandinnear-fieldopticsisreviewedwithemphasisontheircommona

2、spects.1IntroductionTheterms“nearfieldoptics”(NFO)and“surfaceplasmonpolariton”(SPP)denotephysicalphenomenaofdifferentbutrelatednature:Bothrefertotheexcitationandpropagationofhigh-frequencyelectromagneticfieldsinenvi-ronmentscomprisingseveralmaterials.NFOdescribesthebehav

3、iorofsuchfieldsinstructuressmallcomparedwiththewavelength.Itisnotrestrictedtoparticularmaterials.Plasmonsaredefinedaselectromagneticexcitationscoupledtothefreechargesofaconductivemedium,andtheSPPissuchaplasmonboundtoaninterfacewithadielectricmedium.AnSPPmaybeexcitedinst

4、ructuresofanysize,butexcitationsinsmallstructuresaredistinguishedbyapronouncedresonantcharacter,resultinginavarietyofinteresting,evenspectacularopticalphenomena.AnotherlinkbetweenNFOandSPPsarethedispersionrelationsofafreelypropagatinglightwaveandanSPPpropagatingalonga

5、planeinterfacwhichprohibitdirectcouplingingeneral.OneoftheexceptionsisNFO-confinedlight,whichprovidesabroadspectrumofwavevectorssufficientlyextendedforSPPcoupling.Present-dayresearchinNFOisstronglyinfluencedbythedevelopmentofscanningnear-fieldopticalmicroscopy(SNOM),alsoca

6、llednear-fieldscan-ningopticalmicroscopy(NSOM).Thisisasuper-resolutionopticalmicroscopywhichhasenabledavarietyofnovelSPPexperiments.Thepresentchapterputsemphasisontheserelationsbecauseoftheauthor’spersonalengage-mentinthisfield.Thereferencesmainlyrefertoearlyworkonthere

7、spectivesubjects,themorerecentpublicationsbeingcitedadequatelyintheotherchapters.2BacktotheRoots...TheintimaterelationbetweenNFOandSPPsmakesitselffeltinthemathe-maticaldescriptionofvariouselectromagneticinterfacephenomena.SomeofS.Kawata(Ed.):Near-FieldOpticsandSurface

8、PlasmonPolaritons,TopicsAppl.Phys.81,1–13(2001)
cSpringer-VerlagBerlinHeidelberg20012DieterW.Pohlthemdatebacktotheearlydayso