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1、1.Europeancultureismadeupofmanyelements,twooftheseelementsareconsideredtobemoreenduringandtheyaretheGreco-Roman（希腊罗马的）elementandtheJudeo-Christian（犹太教与基督教的）element.2.Greekculturereachedahighpointofdevelopmentinthe5thcentury.3.Inthesecondhalfofthe4thcenturyB.C.,allGre
2、ecewasbroughtundertheruleofAlexander,kingofMacedon.4.In146B.C.theRomansconqueredGreece.5.Revivedin1896,theOlympicGameshavebecometheworld’sforemostamateursportscompetition.6.AncientGreeksconsideredHomertobetheauthoroftheirepics.7.TheHomer'sepicsconsistedofIliadandOdys
3、sey.8.TheIliaddealswiththeallianceofthestatesofthesouthernmainlandofGreece,ledbyAgamemnonintheirwaragainstthecityofTroy.9.TheOdysseydealswiththereturnofOdysseusaftertheTrojanwartohishome,islandofIthaca.10.TherepresentationformofGreekDemocracyiscitizen-assembly.（公民大会）
4、11.OfthemanylyricpoetsofancientGreece,twoarestilladmiredbyreaderstoday:SapphoandPindar.12.SapphowasconsideredthemostimportantlyricpoetofancientGreece.13.Pindarisbestknownforhisodescelebratingthevictoriesattheathleticgames,suchasthe14Olympicodes.14.Thethreegreattragic
5、dramatistsofancientGreeceareAeschylus,Sophocles,andEuripides.15.AeschyluswrotesuchplaysasPrometheusBound,PersiansandAgamemnon.16.SophocleswrotesuchtragicplaysasOedipustheKing（俄狄浦斯王）,Electra（伊莱克特拉(谋杀其母及其情人者),andAntigone.Oedipuscomplex（恋母情结）andElectracomplex(恋父情结)deriv
6、edfromSophocles’plays.17.Euripides（欧里庇得斯）wrotemainlyaboutwomeninsuchplaysasAndromache,Medea,andTrojanWomen.18.Comedyalsoflourishedinthe5thcenturyB.C.ItsbestwriterwasAristophanes,whohasleftelevenplays,includingFrogs,Clouds,WaspsandBirds.19.Euripides_isthefirstwriterof
7、"problemplays".20.Herodotus（希罗多德）isoftencalled“FatherofHistory”.HewroteaboutthewarsbetweenGreeksandPersians.21.Thucydides（修西得底斯）describedthewarbetweenAthensandSpartaandbetweenAthensandSyracuse,aGreekstateontheIslandofSicily.22.Pythagoras（毕达哥拉斯）wasaboldthinkerwhohadth
8、eideathatallthingswerenumbers.23.Pythagoraswasthefounderofscientificmathematics.24.Heracleitus(赫拉克利特)believedfiretotheprimaryelemen
