专八人文常识

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1、专八真题人文常识‘词汇学’部分积累200138.___isthestudyofhowsentencesarestructured.[A]Linguistics[B]Syntax语法，句法[C]Phonology[D]Phonetics39.___distinguishesthelinguisticcompetenceofthespeakerandtheactualphenomenaordataoflinguisticsaslangueandparole.[A]Chomsky[B]Saussure[C]Gilman[D]Brown40.Oft

2、hefollowingwords,___isanacronym.[A]Marlboro[B]UN[C]Laser[D]WTO200238.A___actistheactofsayingsomething.[A]illocutionary言外行为的[B]locutionary言内行为的[C]perlocutionary语效性的[D]locational39.Theprefix"pseudo-"asin"pseudoscience"and"pseudoclassic"hasa__shadeofmeaning.[A]poetic[B]euphem

3、istic委婉的[C]pejorative轻蔑的[D]ameliorative改善的40.Ofthefollowingword-formationprocesses,__isthebestproductive.[A]conversion[B]derivation[C]initialism[D]reduplication200338.Thetermtransformational-generativegrammarwasintroducedintolinguisticsinthemid-1950sby[A]LeonardBloomfield[

4、B]EdwardSapir[C]NoamChomsky[D]MichaelHalliday.38.Intermsofoppositenessofmeaning,___isapairofconversives.[A]"long"and"short"[B]"present"and"absent"[C]"sell"and"buy"[D]"dead"and"alive"39.Theword“marshal”usedtomean"ahorsetender";nowitmeans"anofficerofthehighestrank".Thewordha

5、sundergoneasortofsemanticchangecalled__[A]elevation[B]degeneration[C]extension[D]restriction2004.38.The___viewoflanguageacquisitionholdsthatchildrenarebornwithaninnateabilitytoacquirelanguagesofaspecifictype.[A]behaviourist[B]nativist本土文化保护者[C]structuralist[D]psycholinguis

6、t39.Thebasicpartofthelexicalmeaningofawordisoftentermedits__meaning.[A]social[B]stylistic[C]connotative内涵的[D]denotative外延的40.___firstproposedtheSpeechActTheory.[A]Searle[B]Austin[C]Grice[D]Halliday2005.38.Syntaxisthestudyof[A]languagefunctions[B]sentencestructures[C]textua

7、lorganization[D]wordformation38.WhichofthefollowingisNOTadistinctivefeatureofhumanlanguage?[A]Arbitrariness[B]Productivity[C]Culturaltransmission[D]Finiteness有限性39.Thespeechacttheorywasfirstputforwardby[A]JohnSearle[B]JohnAustin[C]NoamChomsky[D]M.A.K.Halliday200638.Whatess

8、entiallydistinguishessemanticsandpragmaticsisthenotionof[A]reference[B]meaning[C]antonymy