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1、Fiat:OPENINNOVATIONINADOWNTURN(1993-2003)AlbertoDiMininFedericoFrattiniAndreaPiccaluganthemidstofaworsethanexpectedeconomicdownturn,Italysud-denlydiscoveredthatoneofitscompanieshadreachedthestatusofworldwideexcellence.FiatGroupAutomobilesSpA(Fiat),thewell-IknownItalianc
2、armaker,wasabletoweathertheeconomicstormandastoundedtheworldwithitsexpansionplansanditspartnershipwithChryslerduringsuchaclimate.PresidentObamaandhisautoindustrytaskforceclaimedonMarch30,2009,that“Chrysler’sbesthopeforrevivalliesinaproposedpart-nershipwithItaly’sFiatSpA
3、.”Onemonthlater,onApril30,PresidentObamaannouncedthat“ChryslerandFiathaveformedapartnershipthathasstrongchancesofsuccess.It’sapartnershipthatwillsavemorethan30,000jobsatChrysler,andtensofthousandsofjobsatsuppliers,dealers,andotherbusinesses1thatrelyonthiscompany.”Althou
4、ghthefutureprospectsofChryslerarestill2farfromclear,thedealunquestionablytestifiestothereputationthatFiathasgainedonaninternationallevel.WhatisremarkableisthatFiatwasnotappointedbyPresidentObamaasChrysler’sidealpartnerbecauseofitsabundantcashflowsorthecost-efficiencyofitsp
5、roductionsystem.OneofthemaindrivingfactorsbehindthedealwasthesuperiorityoftheItaliancarmaker’sclean,fuel-efficientenginetechnologies.AsMr.ObamastatedonApril30,“Fiathasdemonstratedthatitcanbuildtheclean,fuel-efficientcarsthatarethefutureoftheindustry,andaspartofthisagreeme
6、nt,Fiathasalreadyagreedtotransferbillionsofdollarsincutting-edgetechnologiestoChryslertohelpthemdothesame.FiatisalsocommittedtoTheopinionsexpressedinthesepagesremaintheexclusiveresponsibilityoftheauthors.WearehoweverindebttoGianCarloMichellone,PaoloDondo,SergioImperiale
7、,MassimoCasali,andNevioDiGiustofortheirpricelesshelpandpatienceinwalkingusbehindthescenesofCRF.SpecialthanksgotoHenryChesbrough,VittorioChiesa,FabrizioCesaroni,StephenCohen,andAlexanderSternfortheircommentsonearlierversionsofthearticle.Theauthorsaregratefultotwoanony-mo
8、usCMRreviewersfortheirinsightfulsuggestions.132CALIFORNIAMANAGEMENTREVIEWVOL.52,NO.3SPRING2010CMR.BERKELEY.EDU
