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1、Chapter1IntroductoryThisbookisintendedforuseinEnglishcoursesinwhichthepracticeofcompositioniscombinedwiththestudyofliterature.ItaimstogiveinabriefspacetheprincipalrequirementsofplainEnglishstyle.Itaimstolightenthetaskofinstructorandstudentbyconcentratingattention(inChaptersIIandIII)onafewessen
2、tials,therulesofusageandprinciplesofcompositionmostcommonlyviolated.Thenumbersofthesectionsmaybeusedasreferencesincorrectingmanuscript.ThebookcoversonlyasmallportionofthefieldofEnglishstyle,buttheexperienceofitswriterhasbeenthatoncepasttheessentials,studentsprofitmostbyindividualinstructionbas
3、edontheproblemsoftheirownwork,andthateachinstructorhashisownbodyoftheory,whichhepreferstothatofferedbyanytextbook.Thewriter'scolleaguesintheDepartmentofEnglishinCornellUniversityhavegreatlyhelpedhiminthepreparationofhismanuscript.Mr.GeorgeMcLaneWoodhaskindlyconsentedtotheinclusionunderRule11of
4、somematerialfromhisSuggestionstoAuthors.Thefollowingbooksarerecommendedforreferenceorfurtherstudy:inconnectionwithChaptersIIandIV:•F.HowardCollins,AuthorandPrinter(HenryFrowde);•ChicagoUniversityPress,ManualofStyle;•T.L.DeVinneCorrectComposition(TheCenturyCompany);•HoraceHart,RulesforComposito
5、rsandPrinters(OxfordUniversityPress);•GeorgeMcLaneWood,ExtractsfromtheStyle-BookoftheGovernmentPrintingOffice(UnitedStatesGeologicalSurvey);InconnectionwithChaptersIIIandV:•SirArthurQuiller-Couch,TheArtofWriting(Putnams),especiallythechapter,InterludeonJargon;•GeorgeMcLaneWood,SuggestionstoAut
6、hors(UnitedStatesGeologicalSurvey);•JohnLeslieHall,EnglishUsage(Scott,ForesmanandCo.);•JamesP.Kelly,WorkmanshipinWords(Little,BrownandCo.).Itisanoldobservationthatthebestwriterssometimesdisregardtherulesofrhetoric.Whentheydoso,however,thereaderwillusuallyfindinthesentencesomecompensatingmerit,
7、attainedatthecostoftheviolation.Unlessheiscertainofdoingaswell,hewillprobablydobesttofollowtherules.Afterhehaslearned,bytheirguidance,towriteplainEnglishadequateforeverydayuses,lethimlook,forthesecretsofstyle,tothestudyofthemastersoflit
